网络信息犯罪归责模式研究  

On the Attribution of Culpability for Crimes on the Internet

作　　者：王莹[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学法学院

出　　处：《中外法学》2018年第5期1302-1323,共22页Peking University Law Journal

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"信息刑法时代信息犯罪归责与治理模式研究"(项目编号:18BFX101)的资助

摘　　要：在互联网2.0时代,"谁应当为网络信息犯罪导致的法益侵害负责"成为数字时代向传统刑法提出的极具现实性与挑战性的问题。结合网络技术传播原理对我国《刑法修正案(九)》的刑事责任条款进行教义学注疏,理顺其内部逻辑脉络,有助于厘清我国网络服务提供者刑事责任的妥当边界。第一,《刑法》第287条之一规定的网络服务提供者是对自己发布信息的刑事责任,为上述行为提供帮助者应以第287条之二论处,否则会使得第287条之二虚置并产生繁复的竞合问题。第二,第287条之二规定的是因他人发布信息而产生的网络服务提供者责任,应抛开共犯框架下中立的帮助犯理论而根据一般的归责原理予以解读,即归责依据在于网络服务提供者对所传输涉罪信息的特殊认知;如此主观不法便会成为归责的唯一依据与本罪的不法重点,因此应对行为人的主观方面采取限制解释,以缓和因客观方面限制的缺乏而带来的责任过度扩张。第三,关于网络服务提供者为他人发布的网络涉罪信息所承担的不纯正不作为犯刑事责任,应当从传统刑法危险源监管保证人地位的教义学资源出发,结合网络传播技术特征,合理界定保证人地位。In Web 2.0, the question who should be responsible for the damage caused by criminal in-ternet information has become the key issue of criminal law in the digital age. To better understand the culpability of Internet service providers, this essay tries to interpret the clauses of criminal liability in A-mendment （IX） to the Criminal Law of the PRC and clarify the internal logic according to the principles of network technology communication. First of all, internet service providers who send messages for themselves shall be convicted and punished according to Article 287A. Meanwhile, whoever provides any assistance for the mentioned crime shall be convicted and punished according to Article 287B, which could take full advantage of Article 287B and diminish the chaotic situations of concurrence. Further-more, Article 287B shall be based on general liability principles rather than neutral-assistance theory as the providers are convicted because of others＇ behaviors, which means the mens rea-provider＇s special knowledge of the transmission of criminal information-has become the only and essential foundation of culpability. Thus, in order to decrease the over-expansion of criminal liability, we shall interpret the sub-jective aspect of the perpetrator restrictively. Ultimately, to identify the guarantor status and omission culpability of internet service providers rationally, the dogmatic resources of guarantor status of danger supervision, combined with the characteristics of internet technology communication, shall beeome the starting point.

关 键 词：交流犯 非交流犯 帮助犯正犯化 危险源监管保证人地位 风险管辖 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]