尖孢镰刀菌黄瓜专化型生物学特性研究  

Biological Characteristics of Fusarium oxysporium(Schl.)f.sp.cucumerinum Owen

作　　者：康萍芝 白小军 张丽荣 杜玉宁 张治科 KANG Pingzhi;BAI Xiaojun;ZHANG Lirong;DU Yuning;ZHANG Zhike(Institute of Plant Protection,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Ningxia Key Laboratory of Plant Disease and Pest Control,Yinchuan,Ningxia 75000)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院植物保护研究所,宁夏植物病虫害防治重点实验室,宁夏银川750002

出　　处：《北方园艺》2018年第22期65-69,共5页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项基金资助项目(201503110-08)

摘　　要：以黄瓜枯萎病病原菌尖孢镰刀菌黄瓜专化型(Fusarium oxysporium f.sp.cucumerinum,FOC)为试材,采用菌丝生长速率和血球计数法,研究了不同温度、pH、光照、培养基、碳源、氮源和微量元素对其菌丝生长、产孢和孢子萌发的影响,明确尖孢镰刀菌黄瓜专化型的最适生长条件,以期为黄瓜枯萎病的田间防治提供参考依据。结果表明:该病原菌适宜生长的温度范围为20～30℃,最适温度为25℃;最适pH为6.0～9.0,且pH在7.0～9.0范围内孢子萌发率较高;光照交替和黑暗条件更有利于FOC菌丝生长、产孢和孢子萌发;病原菌在PDA、PSA培养基上生长速率较快,产孢量和孢子萌发率均较高,其次是PMA、燕麦片培养基;在含有葡萄糖、麦芽糖和蛋白胨、硝酸钾、硝酸钠以及硫酸亚铁的培养基上FOC生长速率、产孢量和孢子萌发率均最佳。Fusarium oxysporium f.sp.cucumerinum（FOC）was used as test material,the effects of different temperature,pH,illumination,medium,sources of carbon and nitrogen and trace elements on mycelium growth,spores production and spores germination of FOC were studied using methods of mycelial growth rate and cell count technique in order to make clear its optimum growth conditions.It provided a reference for the prevention and control of the cucumber wilt in the field.The results showed that the fitting range of temperature of FOC was between 20-30 ℃,the optimum value was25 ℃.The pH 6.0-9.0 were the most suitable for FOC,and germination rate of spores was higher at pH 7.0-9.0.The alternation of light and darkness and total dark conditions were more beneficial for mycelium growth,spores production and spores germination for FOC.The growth rate of FOC in PDA and PSA medium were faster,and its quantity of spore and germination rate of spore were also higher,followed by PMA and OA mediums.Its growth rate,quantity of spores and germination rate of spores were the best in the medium containing glucose,maltose,peptone potassium nitrate,sodium nitrate and green vitriol.

关 键 词：黄瓜枯萎病 尖孢镰刀菌黄瓜专化型 生物学特性 

分 类 号：S642.201[农业科学—蔬菜学]