大学创业生态系统的构成与演化研究——基于麻省理工学院的案例  

Components and Evolution of University Entrepreneurship Ecosystem——A Case Study on MIT

作　　者：熊英[1] 张俊杰 XIONG Ying;ZHANG Jun-jie

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)经济管理学院

出　　处：《中国地质大学学报（社会科学版）》2018年第6期143-153,共11页Journal of China University of Geosciences(Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：大学正在从创新创业的支撑型机构向主导型机构转变。本文以麻省理工学院为研究对象,剖析以大学为主体的创新创业生态系统的构成与演化规律,为我国创建一流的创业型大学、明确大学在创新创业中如何担任主体角色提供范式。案例研究发现,麻省理工学院创业生态系统是以大学为主导、为轴心的生态系统,由功能互补、相互依存的麻省理工学院、企业、政府和校友四大主体构成。基于衍生自麻省理工学院的技术、资金与服务性平台组织,该创业生态系统的演化是由创业活动、科技研发与创业教育三角循环的内生系统与企业、政府和校友所构成的创业环境,亦即外生系统相互影响、共同作用的结果。内外系统的交互形成了边界不断扩展的可持续发展创业网络。The role of university playing in innovation and entrepreneurship transit from the supporting institutions to leading institutions.For providing agood paradigm for creating first-class entrepreneurial universities in China and making it clear how the universities can be a main role in innovation and entrepreneurship system,this article takes Massachusetts Institute of Technology as the case to analyze the components and evolution of university entrepreneurship ecosystem.The study shows MIT entrepreneurial ecosystem is a ecosystem taking university as the center and axis,consisting of four main complementary and interdependent components,namely,universities,enterprises,government and alumni.The evolution of the system is the results of co-evolution of the internal and external entrepreneurship ecosystem.The internal entrepreneurship ecosystem includes the entrepreneurship activity,technical research and development and entrepreneurship education.The external entrepreneurship ecosystem as well as entrepreneur environment takes firms,government and alumni as the main bodies.The interaction between the internal and the external entrepreneurial ecosystems forms a spiral,sustainable,and entrepreneurial network.

关 键 词：创业活动 创业环境 创业生态系统 麻省理工学院 

分 类 号：F647.38[经济管理—产业经济]