采用生活污泥制备用于花卉生长的轻质颗粒的试验  

Experimental preparation of light particles for flower growth using living sludge

作　　者：张雪梅 陈涛 付红伦 汪徐春 况培培 刘敏 ZHANG Xuemei;CHEN Tao;FU Honglun;WANG Xuchun;KUANG Peipei;LIU Min(College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering,Anhui Science and Technology University,233030,Bengbu,Anhui,China;Taozhou Garden Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd.,518000,Shenzhen,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽科技学院化学与材料工程学院,安徽蚌埠233030 [2]桃州园林环保科技有限公司,广东深圳518000

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2018年第5期136-144,共9页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：安徽省教育厅重点项目"石英砂尾矿与白炭黑对彩色涂料的性能改进及作用机理研究"(KJ2017A507);安徽科技学院2017年国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目"研发可控粒径和孔径的环保杀菌型硅藻泥"(201710879089);安徽科技学院校级重点学科"材料科学与工程校级重点学科"(AKZDXK2015A01)

摘　　要：采用黄土、石英砂尾矿、硅藻土等无机粉体对生活污泥进行固化,制备可用于花卉生长的轻质颗粒。采用单一变量控制法探究各无机试剂的最佳添加量和工艺条件为:污泥50%、黄土30%、石英砂尾矿10%、高岭土5%、硅藻土2%、Al_2(SO_4)33%、烧成温度930℃、和焙烧时间50 min。相关性能测试结果表明:黄土添加量从0～100%变化,轻质颗粒的抗压强度逐渐增加到7. 35 MPa后开始下降。石英砂尾矿用来提高产品抗压强度,当含量为30%～40%时制得的轻质颗粒抗压强度、吸水性等达到最佳性能。硅藻土的多孔结构以及污泥中有机质挥发,使产品具有高孔隙度和吸附性,吸水率为50%。通过对轻质颗粒的X衍射与SEM形貌分析,结果显示采用生活污泥为主原料制备用于花卉生长的轻质颗粒性能优越,符合GB/T 17431—1998。[Background]The domestic sludge contains a large number of nutrients such as nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium,but accumulates a large number of pathogens and organic pollutants such as parasites（ eggs）. The light particles can be prepared for flower growth by using sludge and adding inorganic powders including clay,quartz sand tailings,diatomaceous earth,and so on. This effectively reuses domestic sludge and avoids environmental pollution from domestic sludge. [Methods] Each raw material was ground using an agate mortar before test to maintain the particle size of the raw material between 200 and 600 mesh. The particle size distribution of each raw material was measured using a Bettersize2000 laser particle size distribution analyzer. The compressive strength of lightweight particles was measured using an ATH-5000 spring tension tester. The microscopic morphology of light particles was analyzed using an EVO-18 scanning electron microscope. The product crystal analysis was carried out by XD-3 X-ray powder diffractometer. [Results] The compressive strength of the light particles decreased from 7. 47 to 2. 33 MPa,the bulk density decreased from 1. 63 to 1. 11 g/cm3,and the waterabsorption rate increased from 33. 33 to 63. 67%,when the sludge content increased gradually from 0 to100%. The compressive strength of the light particles increased to 7. 35 MPa then began to decline,the bulk density of the light particles increased from 0. 91 to 1. 20 g/cm3,thus,the water absorption rate gradually decreased from 61. 33% to 40. 33%,when the contents of clay increased from 0 to 100%.Quartz sand tailings were to increase the content of the SiO2 of the product,and improved compressive strength of the products. The products possessed strong adsorption with water absorption rate of 50%,by the porous structure of diatomaceous earth and the amount of organic matter evaporated in the sludge. The optimal addition amount of each inorganic powder reagent was determined using single-variable control method as domestic sludge 50%,cl

关 键 词：污泥 黄土 石英砂尾矿 轻质颗粒 烧制 

分 类 号：TQ449.3[化学工程—化学肥料工业]