天津市不同水碘地区儿童智力差异及影响因素的研究  

A study on children's intelligence difference with different iodine concentration in drinking water and its influencing factors in Tianjin

作　　者：崔玉山[1] 虞静雯 赵亮[1] 聂珺妍 赵阳 张斌 侯常春[1] 刘洪亮[1,2] CUI Yu-shan;YU Jing-wen;ZHAO Liang;NIE Jun-yan;ZHAO Yang;ZHANG Bin;HOU Chang-chun;LIU Hong-liang(Institute of Environment and Health,Tianjin Center for Diease Control and Prvention,Tianjin 300011,China;Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Hygiene,Public Health College of Tianjin Meidical University,Tianjin 300070,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市疾病预防控制中心环境与健康室,天津300011 [2]天津医科大学公共卫生学院劳动卫生与环境卫生系,天津300070

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2018年第11期1160-1163,共4页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81573107;81372934);天津市医药卫生2014年度重点攻关项目(14KG120);天津市疾病预防控制中心科技项目(CDCKY1501)

摘　　要：目的探讨高碘及其他因素对儿童智力的影响。方法在高碘病区(水碘> 300μg/L)、高碘地区(150～300μg/L)及对照地区(≤100μg/L)随机选取7～12岁的儿童共399人,采用问卷调查收集人群的基本情况及智力潜在影响因素情况,采集尿样并分别检测尿碘和尿氟值,采用瑞文联合型测验进行智力测验。结果高碘病区10～12岁儿童智力水平(107. 55±13. 81)低于高碘地区(113. 14±10. 97),且差异有统计学意义(P=0. 019),与对照地区相比,智力分布差异有统计学意义(P=0. 012),直觉辨别能力、类同比较能力、比较推理能力、系列关系能力和抽象推理能力均低于高碘地区和对照地区,差异均有统计学意义(均有P <0. 05)。多因素Logistic回归分析仅发现年龄是智力损伤的危险因素(OR=1. 590,95%CI:1. 273～1. 986,P <0. 001)。结论天津市高碘病区10～12岁儿童智力水平下降,未发现高碘与智力之间的关系,还需要进一步研究。Objective To explore the effect of high iodine and other factors on childreng intelligence. Methods A total of 399 children aged 7-12 years were randomly selected from the iodine-excess endemial area （ water iodine〉300 μg/L） , iodine-excess area （ 150-300 μg/L） and non iodine-excess area （water iodine ≤ 100 txg/L）. Questionnaire survey was used to collect the general situation of the population and the potential influencing factors of intelligence. Urine samples were tested for urinary iodine and urinary fluoride, and the combined Raven＇s test for rural China （CRT-RC） was used for intelligence test. Results The level of intelligence quotient （IQ） of 10-12 years old children in the iodine-excess endemial area（ 107.55 ± 13.81 ） was significantly lower than that in the iodine-excess area （ 113. 14 ±10. 97） （ P = 0. 019） , and the distribulation of IQ was different from that in the control area（ P = 0. 012）. The ability of perceived distinguish ability, similarity ability, comparative reasoning ability, series relationship ability and abstract reasoning ability of children aged 10 - 12 years in the iodine-excess endemial area were lower than those of iodine-excess and non iodine-excess area （ all P 〈0.05）. Multivariate Logistic analysis showed that age was a risk factor for intellectual impairment（ OR = 1.590, 95% CI： 1.273-1.986, P〈0.001 ）. Conclusion The intelligence level of children aged 10-12 in Tianjin in iodine-excess endemial area decreased. The relationship between iodine and children＇s intelligence was not found, and further study was needed.

关 键 词：高碘 高氟 智力 儿童 

分 类 号：R181.2[医药卫生—流行病学]