玉米田除草剂在农田土壤生态系统内的迁移过程与机制  

The Process and Mechanism of Maize Herbicide in Farmland Soil Ecosystem

作　　者：曹舰艇 孟德臣 关法春 张金萍[5] 刘金文[3] 李晓辉[3] 黄枭[3] 郗登宝[3] CAO Jianting;MENG Deehen;GUAN Faehun;ZHANG Jinping;LIU Jinwen;LI Xiaohui;HUANG Xiao;XI Dengbao(Res.Institute of Plateau Ecology,Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University,Nyingchi Tibet,860000 China;Songyuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Songyuan Jilin,138000 China;Institute of Rural Energy and Ecology,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun Jilin,130033 China;Nyingchi station of agro-ecology research on agro-pastoral integration,Nyingchi Tibet,860000 China;Songliao Water Resources Commit,MWR,Changchun Jilin,130021 China)

机构地区：[1]西藏农牧学院高原生态研究所,西藏林芝860000 [2]松原市农业科学院,吉林松原138000 [3]吉林省农业科学院农村能源与生态研究所,吉林长春130033 [4]"农牧一体化"农业生态试验站(林芝),西藏林芝860000 [5]水利部松辽水利委员会规研中心,吉林长春13002

出　　处：《高原农业》2018年第1期26-33,39,共9页Journal of Plateau Agriculture

基　　金：西藏(大学)农牧学院青年拔尖人才支持计划项目(2015D0601)

摘　　要：除草剂能有效控制田间杂草,提高农作物产量和品质,但长期广泛使用除草剂可使农田杂草对其产生适应性,导致抗药性杂草的出现,造成杂草无法控制的局面以及农田喷洒除草剂被土壤截留,破坏土壤结构及肥力、污染地下水、导致农作物减产、危害人体健康。故本文综述了玉米田除草剂在土壤中的迁移转化机制及其影响因素,阐明长期施用除草剂对生态环境带来的危害,并提出探索研发一种既可以提高农作物产量,又能保证其质量的除草剂及田间管理模式是今后研究的重点。Herbicides can effectively control field weeds, improve the yield and quality of crop,but long-term extensive use of herbicides can make it adaptable to farm weeds, resulting in the emergence of drug-resistant weeds and the situation that weeds cannot be controlled and the herbicide was trapped in the soil, deteriorating soil structure and fertility, polluting the groundwater, undercutting agricultural production, harming human health. In this paper, the mechanism and influence factors of herbicides in maize were summarized, the damage of ecological environment caused by long-term application of herbicides was clarified, and it is the focus of future research to explore and develop an herbicide and field management model that can both improve crop yield and ensure its quality.

关 键 词：农田生态系统 玉米除草剂 迁移机制 

分 类 号：X592[环境科学与工程—环境工程]