作物品种鉴定与性状评估等相关术语的含意辨析与英译  

Comparative Analysis and English Translation of Implications of Crop Variety Identification and Trait Evaluation and Related Terms

作　　者：谷春 GU Chun(English Editor of Barley and Cereal Science)

出　　处：《大麦与谷类科学》2018年第5期59-62,共4页Barley and Cereal Sciences

摘　　要：中文农业期刊上关于品种鉴定的论文数量庞大,但在相当多的英文摘要中,作者对于品种鉴定与性状评估等相关术语的翻译不当,一些常见错误包括:"鉴定"在表达"评估"的意思时被译为"确定"的意思,"品种混杂"和"种子混杂"被译为"杂交种"或"杂交品种"的意思,"高产性"和"稳产性"被分别译为"高产"和"稳定的产量"的意思,"耐逆性"被译为"抗逆性"的意思,"易倒伏"被译为"倒伏发生不难"的意思。本文明确指出了这些术语的本义与作者对其的误译之间的实质性差异;介绍了这些术语的多种地道英文表述方式,并以丰富的例句充分展示其实际用法;同时阐明了一些与品种鉴定有关的中英文同义或近义词(如"筛选"与"选择""大区域"与"小区域")之间的差异。本文助力作者和读者提高英文术语表达的准确性,从而促进其论文国际影响力的提升。Chinese agricultural journals have published a considerable number of research papers on crop variety identification and evaluation; however, this term and related ones are improperly translated in English abstracts of many of these papers. Some common translation mistakes are as follows. The Chinese term corresponding to ＂trait evaluation＂ is translated into the English as ＂trait identification＂; those corresponding to＂varietal admixture＂and ＂seed admixture＂ are translated as ＂hybrids＂ or ＂hybrid varieties＂; those corresponding to ＂（high） yielding ability＂ and ＂yield stability＂ are translated as ＂high yield＂ and ＂stable yield＂, respectively; the one corresponding to ＂stress tolerance＂ is translated as ＂stress resistance＂; and the phrase corresponding to ＂be susceptible to lodging＂ is translated as ＂be easy lodging.＂ This paper points out substantial differences between the implications of these Chinese terms and the meanings of the corresponding English phrases improperly translated. This paper also presents idiomatic expressions of these terms in English, whose usage is fully exemplified in a large number of English sentences. Moreover, this paper clarifies the subtle differences between some synonyms, such as ＂screening＂ vs. ＂selection,＂ ＂region＂ vs. ＂area＂ and ＂degeneration＂ vs. ＂degradation.＂ Such valuable information is conducive to improving the translation skills of the author and the reader, thus facilitating their endeavors to enhance the global impact of their papers.

关 键 词：品种鉴定 高产性 稳产性 耐逆性 抗倒伏性 

分 类 号：H159[语言文字—汉语] H315.9