滇西北高原一次突发性特大暴雨过程水汽输送特征分析  

Characteristics of Water Vapor Transport During a Sudden Local Heavy Rainstorm in Northwestern Yunnan Plateau

作　　者：马志敏[1] 闵颖[1] 朱莉[1] Ma Zhimin;Min Ying;Zhu Li(Yunnan Meteorological Observatory,Kunming 65003)

机构地区：[1]云南省气象台,昆明650034

出　　处：《气象科技》2018年第5期951-957,共7页Meteorological Science and Technology

基　　金：中国气象局预报员专项"云南局地暴雨中的水汽输送特征研究"(CMAYBY2016-068);2017建设面向南亚东南亚气象中心科技创新专项"智能网格预报产品的客观订正技术研究与应用"资助

摘　　要：针对滇西北高原华坪县一次突发性特大暴雨天气过程,采用常规计算及数值模拟方法,分析其水汽输送特征。结果表明:中南半岛热带低压及孟加拉湾低压稳定维持为暴雨区水汽输送通道建立提供较好的大尺度环境场;暴雨区存在两条水汽输送通道,孟加拉湾低压东侧偏南气流转向后形成的西南水汽输送与副热带高压南侧偏东气流转向后形成的西南水汽输送,其源地可追溯至南海、西太平洋、孟加拉湾、阿拉伯海等地;水汽输送及水汽辐合主要来自700hPa以下层,其中700hPa与850hPa水汽输送特征与整层水汽输送特征表现一致;数值模拟结果可较好再现暴雨区水汽输送特征,同时发现后向追踪时段内,暴雨区中低层水汽输送起始于该高度层之上,随暴雨发生时间临近水汽输送高度逐渐降低。An analysis is made of the water vapor transport characteristics of a sudden heavy rainstorm occurred in Huaping,the northwestern Yunnan Plateau,using the conventional calculation and numerical simulation method.The results show：The stable maintenance of the tropical depression in the Indo-China Peninsula and the depression in the Bay of Bengal provided a large-scale environmental field for the establishment of the water vapor transport channel in the rainstorm area.There were two water vapor transport channels in the rainstorm area：the water vapor transport on the east side of the depression in the Bay of Bengal and that on the south side of subtropical high,of which the source area can be traced back to the South China Sea,the Western Pacific,the Bay of Bengal,the Arabian Sea,etc.The water vapor transport and water vapor convergence mainly came from the lower levels below 700 hPa,and the water vapor transport characteristics of 700 hPa and 850 hPa were consistent with that of the whole layer.The numerical simulation results can better reproduce the characteristics of water vapor transport in the rainstorm area,and at the same time,during the back tracking period,the middle and low water vapor transport in the storm area started above this height,and along with the occurrence of heavy rain,the water vapor transport height gradually reduced.

关 键 词：水汽输送 数值模拟 特大暴雨 后向轨迹 

分 类 号：P458.121.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]