湖北三种地形下AQI特征及其与气象因子的关系  

Characteristics of AQI and Relationship with Meteorological Factors in Three Terrains over Hubei

作　　者：王晓玲[1] 岳岩裕[1] 陈赛男[1] 祝赢[1] 陈楠 Wang Xiaoling;Yue Yanyu;Chen Sainan;Zhu Ying;Chen Nan(Wuhan Central Meteorological Observatory,Wuhan 430074;Hubei Environmental Monitoring Center Station,Wuhan 430072)

机构地区：[1]武汉中心气象台,武汉430074 [2]湖北省环境监测中心站,武汉430072

出　　处：《气象科技》2018年第5期1012-1019,共8页Meteorological Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0212603)“武汉城市圈大气污染联防联控技术集成与应用示范”;湖北省气象局重点基金项目(2014Z03)“湖北省城市空气质量预报技术研究”共同资助

摘　　要：基于2015—2016年湖北省环境监测数据和气象资料,分析了3种地形下空气质量指数(AQI)特征及其与气象因子的关系。结果表明:湖北省年空气质量指数时空分布特征为山区低平原高,冬季高夏季低,日高峰值襄阳出现在中午,武汉和宜昌出现在23:00—24:00;与空气质量指数关系较显著的气象因子包括相对湿度、变温、变压、风、降水等,其中降水对污染物的沉降作用跟空气质量等级有关,污染程度越重,需要清洁空气的雨量越大,轻度以上污染时,需要中雨及以上降水才会产生有效清洁,当降水为微量(1mm以下)时,AQI反而会增长;受不同地形影响,不同城市污染天气输入路径不同,襄阳为北风、武汉西北风、宜昌多弱东风扰动,且襄阳大风速出现的频数较高,而宜昌以小风为主。Based on the data of environmental monitoring and meteorological elements in Hubei Province in 2015 and 2016,this paper analyzes the characteristics of air quality and its relationship with meteorological factors in three kinds of terrains.The results show that the temporal and spatial distribution of air quality in Hubei Province was low in mountain and high in plain areas,and the high value of AQI in winter and low value of that in summer.It is shown that the daily maximum AQI of Xiangyang appeared at noon,and the highest value of Wuhan and Yichang appeared from 23：00 to 24：00.Meteorological factors that have obvious relationship with air quality include relative humidity,variable temperature and pressure,wind,precipitation,of which precipitation effect on pollutant sedimentation is related to the air quality grade.The heavier the pollution,the greater the amount of rain needed to clean the air.For mild and above pollution,moderate and above precipitation will be effective for clean air.When precipitation is in trace level（below 1 mm）,there will be a growing trend in AQI.Under different terrain influences,there blew mainly north winds in Xiangyang,northwest winds in Wuhan and the weak easterly wind disturbance in Yichang in case of heavy pollution.The occurence frequency of large wind speed in Xiangyang was obviously higher than the others,and Yichang was dominated by breeze.

关 键 词：AQI 气象因子 湖北 地形 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程] P427.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]