肾移植患者创伤后成长对康复效果的纵向研究  

A longitudinal study of posttraumatic growth and rehabilitation outcome in patients after renal transplantation

作　　者：张荣梅[1] 杨蓓[2] 李佳欢[2] 张烜 王颖 王娟[2] 曹枫林[2] Zhang Rongmei;Yang Bei;Li Jiahuan;Zhang Xuan;Wang Ying;Wang Juan;Cao Fenglin(School of Nursing,Shandong University,Jinan 250012,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学第二医院肾移植科,济南250012 [2]山东大学护理学院

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志》2018年第33期2597-2601,共5页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

摘　　要：目的纵向调查肾移植患者创伤后成长状况，探讨创伤后成长对患者身心康复状况的影响。方法分别使用创伤后成长问卷（PTGI）、患者健康问卷（PHQ-9）、广泛焦虑测量表（GA-7）及一般资料问卷对肾移植患者进行半年随访，发放问卷180份，有160例患者完成了2次评估。运用SPSS20．0对资料进行录入和统计分析。结果肾移植患者肾移植术后1个月158例占88．3％存在创伤后成长，肾移植术后6个月151例占94．4％存在创伤后成长。肾移植术后1个月和肾移植术后6个月PTG得分分别为（77．96±16．36）、（79．54±17．58）分，2个时间点比较差异无统计学意义（t=-1．302，P=0．195）。PTG水平在躯体恢复症状上均无影响（X^2肝酐水平=0．504，P=0．841；X^2恢复情况=0．609，P=0．777；X^2有无并发症=6．131，P=0．150），在心理健康指标上，PTG的发生在焦虑症状分布上差异有统计学意义（X^2=7．541，P=0．021），在抑郁症状分布上差异无统计学意义（X^2=3．926，P=0．130）。结论肾移植患者术后1个月与术后6个月PTG水平相当。PTG持续发生率对肾移植患者术后6个月躯体康复无显著影响，但对心理健康指标焦虑症状阳性率有显著作用，PTG可降低焦虑症状的发生。Objective The aim of the longitudinal was to explore the level of posttraumatic growth （PTG） and the effect on rehabilitation outcome in patients who received renal transplant. Methods A questionnaire survey was carried out in patients after renal transplant in one month （T1） and six months （T2） in China during hospitalization. PTG was measured by the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory （PTGI）, depression by the Patient Health Questionaire （PHQ-9）, anxiety by the Generalised Anxiety Disorder Questionaire （GAD-7）. Totally 180 patients were recruited, and 160 completed the follow-up measure. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS 20.0. Results There were 88.3% （158/180） patients reported positive PTG in T1, and 94.3% （151/160） in T2. The mean score of posttraumatic growth at T1 and T2 had no significant difference （TI： 77.96 ± 16.36, T2：79.54 ± 17.58; t=- 1.302, P=0.195）. PTG was not significant to the recovery of physical symptoms （X^2Creatine=0.504, P=0.841, X^2recover=0.609, P=0.777, X^2complication=6.131, P=0.150）, while it affected the incidence of anxiety （X^2=7.541, P=0.021）, but not related with the incidence of depression （X^2=3.926, P=0.130）. Conclusions There is no difference in the level of PTG in time. PTG has no obvious effect on body health recovery for patients with renal transplantation after six months, while for the mental health, PTG has no effect on depression symptoms, but can reduce the occurrence of anxiety symptoms.

关 键 词：创伤后成长 肾移植术 康复效果 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]