城市重污染河道治理不同阶段中浮游动物群落的变化  

Dynamics of zooplankton communities during different stages of remediation process of heavily polluted urban river

作　　者：许浩[1,2] 白承荣 蔡舰 漆志飞 高光[1] 邵克强[1] XU Hao;BAI Chengrong;CAI Jian;QI Zhifei;GAO Guang;SHAO Keqiang(Nanjing Insititute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Science,Nanjing Jiangsu 210008;Hoan Enviromental Monitoring Co.,Nanjing Jiangsu 210008;Jiangsu Jiangda Ecological Technology Co.,Wuxi Jiangsu 214000)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,江苏南京210008 [2]南京皓安环境监测有限公司,江苏南京210008 [3]江苏江达生态科技有限公司,江苏无锡214000

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2018年第11期1271-1278,共8页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：江苏省无锡市社会发展科技示范工程项目(No.CSE12N1609)

摘　　要：为研究城市重污染河道不同治理阶段中水质变化和浮游动物群落变化特征,于2016—2017年对江苏省宜兴市临溪河进行了工程改善和水生植物恢复两个阶段的治理,并对各阶段治理后河流中的水质及浮游动物进行了调查研究。结果表明,不同阶段水体中高锰酸盐指数、氨氮、TN和TP等基本显著降低。浮游动物的密度和种类、多样性显著提高,轮虫的变化最明显。水生植物恢复后,轮虫优势种由工程治理阶段的角突臂尾轮虫(Brachionus angularis)、壶状臂尾轮虫(Brachionus urceus)等耐污种转变为了寡污的针簇多肢轮虫(Polyarthra trigla),同时出现了腔轮虫(Lecane spp.)和鞍甲轮虫(Lepadella spp.)等清洁水体指示种。根据Margalef指数进行评价,水生植物修复后水体更接近寡污水体,这与水生植物能极大提升水体透明度和DO,为浮游动物提供更多生态位有关。因此,虽然重污染河道治理不同阶段均可显著改善水质,但水生植物恢复对提高浮游动物群落的多样性和稳定性,构建水生生态系统有不可或缺的作用。In order to reveal the dynamics of water quality and zooplankton during different river restoration stages,in situ remediation experiment was conducted during 2016-2017 in Linxi River,which was a typical polluted urban river located in Yixin,Jiangsu Province.The entire remediation process was composed of initial engineering treatment and following recovery of aquatic vegetation.During each stage,the water parameters and zooplankton communities were investigated.The results showed that after remediation,the concentrations of permanganate index,ammonia nitrogen,TN and TP in the water decreased significantly,and the density,diversity and species of zooplankton communities,especially rotifers increased significantly.During the engineering treatment stage,the dominant species of rotifer were Brachionus angularis and Brachionus urceus,which were commonly categorized into polysaprobic species.However,after aquatic vegetation restoration,the rotifer community was dominated by a oligosaprobic specie-Polyarthra trigla.Concurrently,the indicator species of clean waters,Lecane spp.and Lepadella spp.also appeared.Based on the Margalef index evaluation,the river water was recovered to oligosaprobic level only after restoration of aquatic vegetation.It suggested that the aquatic vegetation provided more niches for various zooplanktons,which could be partly explained by increases of transparency and dissolved oxygen in river.Generally,the results indicated that although the engineering treatment and restoration of aquatic vegetation could improve water quality,restoration of aquatic vegetation was essential to improve the diversity and stability of zooplankton communities,and to construct a clean water ecosystem.

关 键 词：城市污染河道 工程治理 水生植物恢复 浮游动物 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]