优秀男子柔道运动员无氧代谢能力特征的研究  

Study on Characteristics of Anaerobic Metabolism of Elite Male Judo Athletes

作　　者：张冠男 杨贤罡 齐华 邢丽丽 李媛 ZHANG Guan-nan;YANG Xian-gang;QI Hua;XING Li-li;LI Yuan(Hebei Institute of Sport Science,Shijiazhuang Hebei,050011)

机构地区：[1]河北省体育科学研究所,河北石家庄050011

出　　处：《湖北体育科技》2018年第11期988-991,共4页Hubei Sports Science

基　　金：河北省体育局体育科技研究项目(20181017);中国柔道协会科技研究项目(ZRXK-18007)

摘　　要：目的研究男子柔道运动员的间歇性运动无氧能力及耐乳酸能力特征,为教练员准确把握运动员的机能水平及科学制定训练计划提供依据。方法以河北省男子柔道队6名优秀运动员为研究对象,通过功率自行车间歇性运动进行无氧能力测试,测试运动前、运动后即刻以及运动后2min、3min、5min、7min、9min血乳酸水平。结果 6名运动员的相对最大功率均值为(10.25±0.84)w/kg,相对平均功率均值为(8.1±0.44) w/kg,达到功率峰值时间均小于6s,血乳酸峰值均值为(19.7±3.45) mmol/L。5号、6号运动员的无氧代谢能力最好;1号运动员应在提高肌肉无氧耐力能力基础上,重点加强短时间爆发力训练; 3号运动员应保持爆发力,重点提高糖酵解供能能力;2号、4号运动员应全面发展无氧代谢能力。结论柔道运动员的间歇性运动无氧能力及耐乳酸特征,可为教练员准确把握运动员的机能水平提供依据,帮助教练员实现科学化训练。Objective To explore the characteristics of men judo athletes＇ intermittent anaerobic ability and lactate resistance, and provide the basis for coaches to accurately grasp athletes＇ functional level and scientifically make training plans. Methods The anaerobic capacity of 6 elite male Judo athletes in Hebei Province was tested by intermittent exercise of power bicycle. The blood lactic acid levels were measured at 0min, 2min, 3min, 5min, 7min and 9 min after exercise. Results The average relative maximum power of 6 athletes was 10.25±0.84 w/kg, AP/kg was 8.1±0.44 w/kg, and the mean relative average power was （8.1±0.44） w/kg. The time to reach the peak power was less than 6 seconds, and the mean blood lactate peak value was （19.7±3.45） mmol/L. Athletes No.5 and No.6 have the best anaerobic metabolic ability, athletes No.1 should focus on short-term explosive power training on the basis of improving muscle anaerobic endurance, athletes No.3 should maintain explosive power and focus on improving glycolysis energy supply ability, and athletes No.2 and No.4 should develop anaerobic metabolic ability in an all-round way. Conclusion Judo athletes＇ anaerobic ability and lactic acid tolerance in intermittent sports can provide a basis for coaches to accurately grasp the level of athletes＇ ability and help coaches to achieve scientific training.

关 键 词：男子柔道运动员 无氧代谢能力 血乳酸水平 

分 类 号：G807.4[文化科学—体育训练]