冰坝溃决时水力要素变化特征  

Variation Characteristics of Hydraulic Elements in Ice Dam Break

作　　者：王普庆[1] 刘刚森[2] 王晖[3] WANG Puqing;LIU Gangsen;WANG Hui(Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research,Zhengzhou 450003,China;National Center for Demonstrative Teaching ofJournalism and Communication of Henan University,Kaifeng 475001,China;Yellow River Engineering ConsultingCo.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450003,China)

机构地区：[1]黄河水利科学研究院,河南郑州450003 [2]河南大学新闻与传播国家级实验教学示范中心,河南开封475001 [3]黄河勘测规划设计有限公司,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《人民黄河》2018年第12期46-48,52,共4页Yellow River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51479081)

摘　　要：河道冰坝形成后,一方面改变了河道的过流形态,另一方面冰坝以上河段水位逐渐抬升,同时下游河段的流态也将发生根本性变化。当冰块和水量集聚达到一定程度时,终将造成溃坝。试验结果表明:冰坝高度不同,溃决时形成的水流速度不同,坝体越高,溃坝流速越大。研究冰坝溃决时水力要素变化特征,对于凌情灾害的预防具有重要的参考价值。The gathering of mass of ice cubesin front of the dam leads to an ice dam formation, which will change the over-current condi-tions. As the ice and water accumulate to a certain level, a dam break may occur. The test shows that when ice dam at different levels bursts,the flow speed varies as well; and the higher the dam is, the faster the flow velocity will be. Therefore the research on the characteristics ofwater flow during ice dam burst has an important reference and application value to prevention and response of ice jam flood.

关 键 词：冰坝 壅冰 壅水 溃坝 试验研究 

分 类 号：P333[天文地球—水文科学]