不同模糊组合模型在水质评价中的应用比较  

Comparison of Application of Different Fuzzy Combination Models in Water Quality Assessment

作　　者：陈攀[1] 韩丽娟[1] CHEN Pan;HAN Lijuan(College of Water Resources Science and Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学水利科学与工程学院,山西太原030024

出　　处：《人民黄河》2018年第12期100-105,共6页Yellow River

基　　金：山西省水文水资源勘测局项目(ZNGZ2015-036);山西省自然科学基金资助项目(201601D011054);山西省青年科技研究基金资助项目(201601D202070;201601D021086)

摘　　要：在模糊评价模型研究中,指标权重的确定和模糊模式的识别是最为重要的两项内容。以丹江口水库流域为研究对象,建立不同模糊组合模型进行水质评价,通过赋权方法、模糊模式识别方法以及评价结果三方面的比较分析,获得更适合研究区的组合模型。结果表明:赋权方法中熵值法在一定程度上削弱了异常值对评价结果的影响,模糊模式识别方法中M(·,+)算子可能会过分放大主要污染物的影响,均不适用于研究区的水质评价;采用超标倍数法赋权、加权海明距离法进行模糊模式识别的组合模型能较好揭示不同时期的水质变化,同时还可判断同一水质等级下不同评价对象污染程度的差异,可以更为真实反映研究区水体的水质状况。The determination of index weights and recognition of fuzzy patterns are the two most important research contents in the study ofthe fuzzy evaluation model. Several different fuzzy combination models were built and used to assess water quality in the Danjiangkou Reser-voir basin, which was taken as the research object. The most suitable combination model was obtained through comparative analysis fromthree aspects of weight methods, recognition methods of fuzzy patterns and assessment results. The results show that the entropy method of theweight methods weakens the impact of abnormal values on the assessment results to some extent, and the M（., ＋） method of recognitionmethods of fuzzy patterns may over magnify the influence of major pollutants. Therefore, neither is suitable for water quality assessment in thestudy area. The combination model which uses the exceeding rate method to determine index weights and applies the weighted Hamming dis-tance method to recognize fuzzy patterns can better reveal the water quality variation during different periods, and meanwhile can be used todetermine the pollution degree of different evaluation objects with the same water quality grade, and hence can reflect the water quality situa-tion more veritably in the study area.

关 键 词：模糊评价模型 水质评价 指标权重 模糊模式 丹江口水库流域 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]