海藻生物肥对火龙果生长、产量和品质的影响  

Effects of New Seaweed Bio-fertilizer on Growth, Yield and Quality of Pitaya

作　　者：郭蓉 龚一富[1] 姜洁 俞凯[1] 陈海敏[1] 王何瑜[1] 严小军[1] GUO Rong;GONG Yifu;JIANG Jie;YU Kai;CHEN Haimin;WANG Heyu;YAN Xiaojun(School of Marine Sciences,Ningbo University,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315211)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学海洋学院,浙江宁波315211

出　　处：《核农学报》2018年第12期2455-2461,共7页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技部星火计划项目(2015GA701001;2014GA701020)

摘　　要：为探究新型海藻生物肥对火龙果生长、产量和品质的影响,本研究以台湾水晶红心火龙果为试验材料,对其叶面喷施不同浓度的新型海藻生物肥,以喷施清水为对照(CK),喷施处理后,统计火龙果产量,测定盛果期火龙果质量、体积、横径、纵径、可溶性固形物(TSS)、可滴定酸(TA)、糖酸比和抗坏血酸(Vc)含量。结果表明,新型海藻生物肥可以促进火龙果生长,提高火龙果产量和品质,其中叶面喷施新型海藻生物肥1 000倍液和1 500倍液作用效果最佳。海藻生物肥浓度为1 000倍稀释液时,火龙果单果重(309.77 g)、单果体积(390.71 cm^3)、横径(11.62 cm)和纵径(7.82 cm)均最大,分别较对照提高了42.00%、39.20%、9.10%和21.80%;同时火龙果品质也得到提高,火龙果TSS含量最大(9.63%),较对照(7.47%)增加了28.90%,TA含量(0.17%)显著降低,糖酸比(55.56)大幅增加,较对照增加了65.70%,Vc含量(10.71 mg·100 g^(-1))较对照(7.69 mg·100 g^(-1))也增加了23.30%。当海藻生物肥浓度为1 500倍稀释液时,火龙果产量增加最为明显,火龙果桩果数最多,达89.60个·桩^(-1),较对照提高40.00%;在该浓度处理下,火龙果产量最高,达2 894.88 kg·667 m^(-2),较对照增加了1 345.32 kg·667 m^(-2);该浓度处理也提高了火龙果的生长和品质,单果重(291.07 g)、单果体积(359.00 cm^3)和TSS含量(8.90%),分别较对照提高了33.40%、27.90%和19.10%。本研究为新型海藻生物肥的规模化生产应用提供了理论依据。In order to explore the effects of new seaweed bio-fertilizer on the growth, yield and quality of pitaya, a kind of pitaya named Shuijing, introduced from Taiwan, was sprayed with different concentration of new seaweed bio-fertilizer on the foliage-spring water as a control. After spraying, the yield of pitaya was measured and the weight, volume, diameter, longitudinal diameter, total soluble solid（TSS）, titratable acid（TA）, sugar and acid ratio and Vc content were determined. The results showed that the new seaweed bio-fertilizer 1 000 times dilution and 1 500 times dilution could improve the yield and quality of the pitaya. Under the treatment of the 1 000 times dilution, the average weight（309.77 g）, volume（390.71 cm^3）, diameter（11.62 cm） and longitudinal diameter（7.82 cm） of fruit reached to the highest, which were 42.00%, 39.20%, 9.10% and 21.80% higher than that of the control, respectively. At the same time, the content of total soluble solids of pitaya reached to the highest（9.63%）, which was 28.90% higher than that of the control（7.47%）, sugar and acid ratio（55.56） increased significantly, which was 65.70% higher than that of the control group, and the Vc content（10.71 mg·100 g^-1） was increased by 23.30% compared with the control group 7.69 mg·100 g^-1, but the titratable acid content（0.17%） decreased significantly. When the fertilizer was 1500 times diluted, the fruit number of the pitaya reached 89.60 per pile（four strains）, which was 40.00% higher than that of the control. Compared with the control group, the yield of the pitaya was the highest（2 894.88 kg·667 m^-2）, which increased by 1 345.32 kg·667 m^-2. It also improved the growth and quality, such as the average weight（291.07 g）, volume（359.00 cm^3） and total soluble solids of pitaya（8.90%）, which were 33.40%, 27.90% and 19.10% higher than that of the control, respectively. This study provides a theoretical basis for the large-scale production and application of the new seaweed

关 键 词：海藻生物肥 火龙果 生长 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S667.9[农业科学—果树学]