稀有鮈鲫消化系统与神经系统的组织学观察  

Histological Observation of Digestive and Neurvous Systems of Gobiocypris rarus

作　　者：赵颖[1] 赵德明[1] 周向梅[1] 王剑伟[2] 李爱华[2] 杨利峰[1] ZHAO Ying;ZHAO Deming;ZHOU Xiangmei;WANG Jianwei;LI Aihua;YANG Lifeng(China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Instiute of Hydrobiology,The Chinese Academy of Science,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学,北京100193 [2]中国科学院水生生物研究所,武汉430072

出　　处：《实验动物科学》2018年第5期1-6,共6页Laboratory Animal Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2017YFD0501601)

摘　　要：目的本文针对成体稀有鮈鲫的消化系统和神经系统进行了组织学观察和描述,配合系列的图文介绍,为脊椎动物的消化系统及神经系统的结构功能进化和其它相关的研究提供更加完整的组织学背景。方法健康的成体稀有鮈鲫经固定、脱钙,脱水,透明,包埋蜡块制成3μm厚度的组织切片,H.E染色制片,于光学显微镜下观察拍摄组织学照片,进而对其相应组织器官进行描述。结果稀有鮈鲫的口咽部可由咽齿与后续肠道分界,稀有鮈鲫的肠道前端呈"Z"字型膨大,但其后续肠道基本呈直线形。稀有鮈鲫的肝脏虽有清晰的中央静脉等结构,但不成典型的分叶状。胆囊独立存在,位于胸腔前端,与心脏毗邻。胰腺或肝胰腺未能在稀有鮈鲫中被发现。作为稀有鮈鲫神经中枢的脑部,其各部分结构较为完全,可见清晰的端脑、间脑、中脑、后脑和脑脊髓。并有脑神经从脑的背侧、腹侧发出。位于背侧脊椎的椎间孔中的脊髓可见分明的灰质与白质结构。结论稀有鮈鲫的消化系统符合鲤科鱼类无胃特点,但其肠道前后段有明显差异。该物种神经系统发育较为完全。Objective The histological description of digestive and neurvous systems was given by systematically observation of adult Gobiocypris rarus, which provides a more complete background of different mammal studies on the evolution of these systems, with the detailed pictures. Method Healty adult Gobiocypris rarus were fixed,decalcified,dehydrated and vertrified in order. The specimen in solid paraffin was cut into serial slices with thickness of 3 μm. The slices were dyed by Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining. The section pictures of the organs in the fish were described when observation and collection through a optical microscope were finished. Result Pharyngeal teeth, as a marker divides the pharynx conncected cavity and intestine of Gobiocypris rarus. The anterior intestine is enlaged to a ＂Z＂,while the posterior seems to be straight. The liver, in which there are distinct central veins but typical lobule,is covering the intestine. Gall bladder, next to the heart, is singly located in the front of the thoracic cavity. Pancreas or livers with exocrine pancrestic tissue has not been observed in the fish. The brain, the most important part composed the CNS of Gobiocypris rarus, whose substances of telencephhalon, diencephalon, mesencephalon, metencephalon and myelencephaloncan have been fully developed and easily observed. Conclusion There is no stomach in Gobiocypris rarus which is accorded with the characteristic of Cyprinidae fish. Distinguished differences have been found between the intestines from anterior and posterior segments. In a degree,the nervous system of the species is fully developed.

关 键 词：稀有鮈鲫 组织形态学 细化系统 神经系统 

分 类 号：Q-33[生物学]