东北大豆种质群体生态性状在北安地区的表现及其潜在的育种意义  

Performance and Breeding Potential of Northeast Soybean Germplasm Population in Beian

作　　者：宋豫红[1] 白艳凤[2] 包荣军[1] 王燕平[2] 单利民 任海祥[2] 谭淑玲[1] 傅蒙蒙 王晓梅[2] 赵团结[4] 杜维广[2] 盖钧镒[4] SONG Yu-hong;BAI Yan-feng;BAO Rong-jun;WANG Yan-ping;SHAN Li-min;REN Hai-xiang;TAN Shu-ling;FU Meng-meng;WANG Xiao-mei;ZHAO Tuan-jie;DU Wei-guang;GAI Jun-yi(Beian Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Heilongjiang Agricultural Reclamation Bureau,Beian 164009,China;Mudanjiang Branch of Hei-longjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Mudanjiang Experiment Station of the National Center for Soybean Improvement,Mudanjiang 157041,China;The Beian Branch of Beidahuang Kenfeng Seed Limited Company,Beian 164009,China;Soybean Research Institute of Nanjing Agricultural Univer-sity/Key Laboratory for Soybean Biology,Genetics and Breeding,Ministry of Agriculture/National Center for Soybean Improvement/National Key Labora-tory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农垦总局北安农业科学研究所,黑龙江北安164009 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院牡丹江分院/国家大豆改良中心牡丹江试验站,黑龙江牡丹江157041 [3]北大荒垦丰种业股份有限公司北安分司,黑龙江北安164009 [4]南京农业大学大豆研究所/表业部大豆生物学与遗传育种重点实验室/国家大豆改良中心/作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《大豆科学》2018年第6期829-838,共10页Soybean Science

基　　金：黑龙江省科技计划省院科技合作(HZ201210,YS15813);黑龙江省博士后特别资助(博士后青年英才计划)(LBH-TZ1618);国家重大基础研究发展计划(“973计划”)(2011CB1093);农业部公益性行业专项(201203026-4);中央高校基础科研业务费项目(KYZ201202-8);农业部国家大豆产业技术体系(CARS-04);中国科学院大豆分子设计育种重点实验室开放课题(SMDB-1403);农业部农业作物基因资源与创制重点实验室开放课题(CXGC2018KFKT006-2).

摘　　要：大豆种质资源的鉴定、挖掘及利用对新品种选育及品种遗传改良具有重要的意义。为明确东北大豆种质资源群体生态性状在北安地区生态条件下的表现及其育种潜势,本研究以东北三省一区361份大豆种质资源群体为材料,2012-2014年在北安地区采用重复内分组试验设计,针对主要生态性状进行了3年精准表型鉴定。结果表明:东北大豆种质资源群体在北安地区全生育期为127. 3 d(96. 8～143. 0 d),当地最适宜熟期组为MG00组,全生育期平均为117. 4 d。地上部生物量随熟期组变晚而增大,产量则为当地最适宜熟期组(MG00)最高。生育期、株高、主茎节数、百粒重遗传率超过75%,遗传进度相对较大;蛋白质含量、脂肪含量、蛋脂总量遗传率超过60%,遗传进度相对较低。同时探讨了北安地区大豆育种目标及第一亚区种质群体遗传构成,并选出优异种质资源。本研究旨在为该生态区大豆种质资源利用及品种遗传改良提供理论参考。The identification, excavation and utilization of soybean germplasm resources play an important role in new varieties breeding and genetic improvement. In order to identify the performance and breeding potential in Beian, 361 soybean germ- plasm resources of Northeast China were used to evaluate phenotype of main ecological traits by repeating internal grouping de- sign from 2012 to 2014. The result showed that the whole growth period of Northeast soybean germplasm resource group was 127. 3 d （96. 8 -143.0 d） in Beian, the most suitable maturity group was MG00, and the average growth period was 117.4 d. The aboveground biomass increased with the later maturity, the most suitable local maturity group （MGO0） had the highest yield and the average yield has a decreasing trend toward the near maturity. The heritability of growth period, plant height, main stem node number and 100-seed weight was more than 75%, and the genetic progress was relatively larger than other traits. The heritability of protein, fat and total content was over 60%, and the genetic progress was relatively smaller： At the same time, we discussed the soybean breeding objective in Beian and the germplasm population genetic composition in the subl, and selected some excellent germplasm resources. The results can provide theoretical reference for the soybean germ- plasm resources utilization and varieties genetic improvement in Beian ecological area.

关 键 词：东北大豆 生态性状 熟期组 育种潜势 北安 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]