潮间带滩涂沉积物与水体热通量模拟  

Modeling the heat flux between the tidal flat sediment and seawater

作　　者：郭雅琼[1,2] 马进荣[1] 程梦妍 GUO Yaqiong;MA Jinrong;CHENG Mengyan(State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering,Nanfing Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing 210024,China;College of Harbour,Coastal and Offshore Engineering,Hohai University,Nanfing 210098,China)

机构地区：[1]南京水利科学研究院水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,江苏南京210024 [2]河海大学港口海岸与近海工程学院,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《水科学进展》2018年第5期728-736,共9页Advances in Water Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2017YFC0405504)~~

摘　　要：为了揭示滩涂对近岸水温影响,开展潮间带滩涂沉积物与海水之间热量交换研究。以韩国西南海岸的滩涂为例,建立滩涂沉积物温度模型,模拟不同潮汐状态下沉积物垂向剖面温度以及沉积物与水体间的热通量,并分析了季节、滩涂位置、潮位-太阳辐射相位对热通量的影响。研究表明:模拟出的沉积物温度与实测值吻合较好。沉积物与水体存在大量热量交换,且集中在淹没后的前3 h,最大热通量可达398. 7 W/m2。冬季月份海水向滩涂净传热。夏季月份滩涂向水体净传热,且当滩涂淹没时刻发生在当地正午或正午过后3 h内,滩涂传递给水体的热量相对较大,达2. 0 MJ/(m2·d);累积热通量随滩涂干滩率的减小而减小。研究成果为进一步深入研究滩涂影响下近岸水温变化提供了技术支撑。This paper studies the heat exchange between the tidal sediment and seawater to explore how the tidal flats affect seawater temperature.A sediment temperature model was developed to simulate the heat flux in the tidal flats based on the data measured at a southwest Korean coastal area.The model is to simulate the spatio-temporal distribution of the vertical temperature profile of sediment in the tidal flats and heat transfer between sediment and water under scenarios with different tidal occurrences.Through the modelling scenarios,the effects to the heat flux were analyzed for the impact factors such as seasons,tidal locations,and solar-tidal phases.The modeled sediment temperature well matched the measurements.A large amount of heat exchange was found between the tidal sediment and seawater,which occurred mostly during the first three hours of interactions with a maximum heat flux rate of 398.7 W/m2.Net heat was transferred from seawater to sediment during the winter months while,in opposite,net heat was transferred from sediment to seawater during the summer months.Relatively great heat exchange was found when tidal flats was inundated near noon or within three hours after noon,which can reach a value of 2.0 MJ/（m2·d）.Cumulative heat fluxes decreased with reducing exposure-time rate of tidal flats.This research provides a solid background and technical supports in exploring the effects of tidal flats to the changes of the near-sea water temperature in future studies.

关 键 词：潮间带滩涂 沉积物温度 温度模型 沉积物-水体热通量 

分 类 号：P731.11[天文地球—海洋科学]