冷战时期中国国防社会动员的历史审视  

A Historical Review of China＇s Defense Social Mobilization during the Cold War Period

作　　者：苏世伟[1,2] Su Shiwei

机构地区：[1]空军空降兵学院政治工作系 [2]复旦大学国际关系与公共事务学院博士后流动站

出　　处：《军事政治学研究》2014年第1期77-87,共11页Military Politics Review

基　　金：上海市哲学社会科学规划课题“中国军事政治学基本理论研究”(批准号:2012BZZ004);复旦大学陈树渠比较政治发展研究中心2013年度基金项目“凝聚共识提高国防社会动员效能研究”(项目编号:CCPDS-FudanNDKT13038)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：梳理冷战时期中国国防社会动员的脉络,有必要从人的生存状态和行为入手,把握整个国家国防社会动员的架构。冷战时期与国防有关的社会动员能激起民众的崇高感,是连接个人与国家的纽带,这种参与和支持有时远远超越社会的人际网络,个人不但自愿牺牲自己,而且有时牺牲亲朋也在所不惜,政党和国家通过社会动员的方式,也在加固自身的社会基础。＂苦难—感恩—激情＂是动员的微观逻辑,民众的情感、认知和判断已经完全被当时的政治氛围所淹没,终结苦难情愫、战胜仇恨对象都是动员激情的源泉。冷战期间主要应对外部危机,容易调动民众的爱国情绪,动员的阻力小,动员活动也相对容易展开。研究冷战时期的国防社会动员也具有现代启示意义。Based on a review of China＇s defense social mobilization during the cold war period, this paper starts from an analysis of the human living conditions and behaviors in an attempt to come to grips with the overall framework of the country＇s defense social mobilization. Cold war period defense social mobilization inspired the public＇s feeling of sublimity forming the link between the individual and the state. Sometimes this participation and support went far beyond the society＇s interpersonal network where the individual was willing to sacrifice not only oneself but also one＇s friends and relatives. The party state consolidated its social foundation through social mobilization. ＂Suffering-Gratitude-Passion＂ forms the micro- logic of social mobilization. The feeling, perception and jud~＇nent of the public were drowned in the political climate where terminating the suffering and triumphing over the enemy became the source of motivation. Through grappling with external crisis, it was easy to arouse the public＇s patriotism and social mobilization faced fewer obstacles. Studying cold war period defense social mobilization is of great modern significance.

关 键 词：冷战 国防 社会动员 

分 类 号：E25[军事—军事理论]