戴云山黄山松林森林群落类型分类及环境梯度解释  

Classification of Forest Community Types and the Environmental Gradient Interpretation of Huangshan Pinewoods in Daiyu Mountain

作　　者：林开淼 徐建国 李文周 陈文伟 LIN Kaimiao;XU Jianguo;LI Wenzhou;CHEN Wenwei(Wuyi College,Wuyishan 3543000,Fujian Province,China;Daiyunshan National Nature Reserve Administration,Dehua 362500,Quanzhou,Fujian Province,China)

机构地区：[1]武夷学院,福建武夷山354300 [2]福建戴云山国家级自然保护区管理局,泉州市德化362500

出　　处：《内蒙古林业调查设计》2018年第6期51-58,共8页Inner Mongolia Forestry Investigation and Design

基　　金：泉州科协<泉州专家工作站>项目;泉州市科技计划重点项目(2018Z041)

摘　　要：该研究运用数量生态学方法,揭示戴云山自然保护区黄山松林森林群落类型、分布规律及其与环境的对应关系。结果表明:(1)TWINSPAN将该研究区86块样地分成34个群落类型,可归为常绿阔叶林、针阔混交林、针叶林和灌丛4个植被类型,能够较好揭示该区群落的间断性和交互性;(2)戴云山保护区内海拔小于1 500 m左右主要是形成以罗浮栲林(Form.Daphniphyllum calycinum)、青冈林(Form. Acer davidii)、甜槠+木荷(Form. Castanopsis eyrei+Schima superba)、黄山松+木荷(Form. Pinus taiwanensis+Schima superba)、黄山松+甜槠(Form.Pinus taiwanensis+Castanopsis eyrei)、马尾松林(Form. Pinus massoniana)、黄山松林(Form. Pinus taiwanensis)等11个群系的镶嵌格局,整个群落处于未成熟的发展阶段,多为共有种群落。同一海拔形成不同演替阶段的植物群落,演替具有多阶段性;(3)CCA排序结果较好地反映出群落分布格局与环境梯度的关系,环境因子海拔梯度、土壤含水量、土壤有机质和p H是影响该区森林群落分布,形成不同植被类型的主要因子。Types and distribution pattern of forest communities and the corresponding relation with environment were revealed with quantitative ecology method at different succession stages of Pinus taiwanensis in DaiYun Mountain. The results showed that： （1）All quadrats （n=86） were classified into 34 plant communities by Two-way Indicators Species Analysis （TWINSPAN）, and four vegetation types are sorted out including evergreen broadleaved forest, coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest, coniferous forest and shrub. The discontinuity and interactivity of the community were well revealed. （2）Where the elevations are below about 1500m in Daiyun Mountain Nature Reserve, 11 formations formed mosaic structure framework, including Form. Daphniphyllum calycinum, Form. Acer davidii, Form. Castanopsis eyrei ＋ Schima superba, Form. Pinus taiwanensis ＋ Schima superba, Form. Pinus taiwanensis ＋ Castanopsis eyrei, Form. Pinus massoniana, and Form. Pinus taiwanensis, which were in an immature stage of development and common species. A plant community formed at different stages of succession at the same elevation. （3） The CCA ordination of dominant species in tree layer revealed a high degree of similarity between environmental gradients and the distributions of community types. The restrictive factors of forest community type distribution were elevation, soil moisture, soil organic matter and pH, which resulted into different vegetation types of forest.

关 键 词：森林群落类型 TWINSPAN CCA 海拔 

分 类 号：S718.54[农业科学—林学]