广东不同地区油棕叶片解剖结构观察与评价  

Observation and Evaluation of Leaf Anatomical Features of Oil Palm Introduced in Different Regions in Guangdong Province

作　　者：曾宪海[1,2] 焦云飞 廖子荣[1,2] 潘登浪[1,2] 林位夫 ZENG Xianhai;JIAO Yunfei;LIAO Zirong;PAN Denglang;LIN Weifu(Rubber Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences,Danzhou,Hainan 571737,China;Germplasm Repository of Oil Palm,Danzhou City,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Danzhou,Hainan 571737,China;College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan,Hubei 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所,海南儋州571737 [2]农业农村部儋州油棕种质资源圃,海南儋州571737 [3]华中农业大学园艺林学学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2018年第11期2176-2185,共10页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：农业农村部热带作物种质资源保护项目(No.151721301354052014);热带农业对外合作试验站建设和农业走出去企业外籍管理人员培训项目(No.SYZ2018-09);中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项(No.1630022017014)

摘　　要：为了评价早期引种到广东深圳、东莞、茂名、化州、湛江和雷州6个地区(居群)油棕大树的解剖学结构特征,以其中38株油棕树的叶片为材料,对其解剖结构进行观察和比较分析。结果表明:油棕叶片上表皮细胞下方的中脉与侧脉之间以及侧脉与侧脉之间均存在2～3层泡状细胞,叶片中脉维管束数量达4～12个且排列形式多样,其中较大的维管束内含多个独立的韧皮部;油棕叶片解剖结构特征存在显著的株间差异和居群间差异(中脉维管束长度和细胞结构疏松度除外);引种到广东不同地区的油棕没有明显的地区性聚类差异,同源性高。研究结果旨在为我国热带北缘地区油棕抗逆种质资源的进一步鉴定与挖掘利用提供参考。In order to evaluate the leaf anatomical features of thirty-eight individual oil palm plants earlier introduced in six regions（populations） in Guangdong, China, oil palm leaves were observed anatomically using the technique of paraffin embedding and section staining to compare their anatomical structure feathers among individual palms and populations, and to analyze the variation of leaf anatomical features in individual palms and different populations. Below the adaxial epidermis, there were the occurrences of two to three layers of colorless, palisaded, elongated and distinct parenchyma cells called bulliforms not only between the midrib and lateral vein of leaves, but also between the two lateral veins. The vascular system was comprised of four to twelve vascular bundles with various arrangements, and the larger vascular bundles had phloem distributed in isolated groups. The anatomical feathers were significantly different in individual palms and populations（except for the length of vascular bundle and cell spongy ratio）. The individual palms introduced in different regions in Guangdong had high homologies without significant clustering differences. The results were expected to provide a theoretical reference for further identification and utilization of oil palm stress resistant germplasm.

关 键 词：油棕 叶片解剖结构 泡状细胞 维管束 同源性 

分 类 号：S311[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]