橡胶树死皮防治缓释颗粒调理剂的田间药效研究  

Field Efficacy of Slow-release Granule Conditioner for the Control of Tapping Panel Dryness(TPD) in Hevea brasiliensis

作　　者：胡义钰[1] 冯成天 袁坤[1] 孙亮[1] 谢贵水[1] 王真辉[1] HU Yiyu;FENG Chengtian;YUAN Kun;SUN Liang;XIE Guishui;WANG Zhenhui(Rubber Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree,Ministry of Agriculture,Danzhou,Hainan 571737,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所/农业部橡胶树生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室,海南儋州571737

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2018年第11期2259-2264,共6页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金青年基金项目(No.318QN268);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(No.1630022016005;No.1630022015016);国家天然橡胶产业技术体系(No.CARS-34-GW5)

摘　　要：橡胶树死皮严重制约着天然橡胶产业的发展,其防治对策成为急需解决的生产实践问题。为研发更轻简的死皮防治技术,本研究小组将前期研发的死皮康复营养剂制备成缓释颗粒剂型。本研究考察了该缓释颗粒调理剂对死皮植株割线症状及其干胶产量的影响,探索其不同根部施用方式的优劣,并与原有橡胶树死皮康复营养液树干喷施技术进行对比。结果显示:橡胶树死皮防治缓释颗粒调理剂对改善死皮植株割线症状,提高干胶产量具有很好的效果,其药效一般在施用后3个月左右开始显现;不同施用方式对其作用效果有所影响,其中条施效果最佳,其防效最高达29.95%,其次是环施及穴施;相比对照,条施效果达显著性水平,干胶增产165.12%;与原有的营养液树干喷施技术相比,其防效可提高13.22%,干胶产量增加36.92%。本研究的开展为实现轻简、高效的橡胶树死皮防控提供了技术支撑。Tapping panel dryness（TPD） in Hevea brasiliensis seriously restricts the development of natural rubber yield, and how to prevent and cure it is urgent in the production practice. In order to develop a more efficient technology for prevention and treatment of TPD, a slow-release granule conditioner based on a TPD rehabilitation nutrient solution developed by our group was prepared. The effects of the slow-release granule conditioner on the symptom of tapping cut and the yield of TPD plants were investigated. The advantages and disadvantages of different root application methods were explored, and the data were compared with the trunk spraying technique of rehabilitative nutrient solution for TPD. The results showed that the slow-release granule conditioner had a good effect on improving the tapping cut symptom and the yield of dry rubber, and its efficacy generally began to appear about 3 months after application. Different methods had some influence of the application, among which the effect of strip application was the best, and the highest control effect was 29.95%, followed by ring application and hole application. Compared with the blank, the effect of strip application reached a significant level, and the dry rubber increased by 165.12%. The control effect increased 13.22% and the dry rubber yield increased 36.92% compared with the original nutrition liquid trunk spraying technique. The development of this study would provide a simple and efficient technical support for the prevention and control of TPD.

关 键 词：橡胶树 死皮 防治 缓释颗粒 

分 类 号：S794.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种]