一种图像矢量化中的圆弧拟合方法  

ACircular Arc Fitting Method of Raster to Vector Conversion

作　　者：杨延竹[1] 袁秀泰 韩阜益 YANG Yan-zhu;YUAN Xiu-tai;HAN Fu-yi(College of Mechanical Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China;Department of Asset Management,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学机械工程学院,上海201620 [2]东华大学资产管理处,上海201620

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2018年第12期41-44,共4页Machinery Design & Manufacture

摘　　要：机器手只有直线插补和圆弧插补两种运动形式。在图像矢量化过程中,对已经实现直线拟合的图形进行分析,搜索出满足圆弧拟合前提的折线段序列。分析了利用最小二乘法拟合圆时,折线段序列的起点和终点可能不落在拟合圆上的影响;在最小二乘法对圆进行拟合的基础上,提出了圆弧端点约束的最小二乘圆弧拟合算法。利用提出的方法,可以对一段圆弧及多段连续的圆弧进行拟合。对比实验表明,在误差允许范围内,该方法使圆弧端点落在圆弧上,保证了图案的连续性与完整性,避免了机器手在对线条轮廓进行跟踪识别或者切割等动作时出现误判或者丢步等现象。The manipulator has only two movement forms, which is linear interpolation and circular interpolation. In the process ofraster to vector conversion, this paper makes an analysis about the image that the linear fitting has been completed and searches for the sequence of the line segments that meet the conditions of arc fitting. It may cause the results that the arc endpoints may not fall on the fitting circle when fit circle by the least-square method. On the basis of the least-square method, an arc endpoints constrainted least-square arc fitting method is proposed in the study. It is proved that one arc or several continuous arcs can be fitted by using the proposed method. A comparative experiment shows that the proposed method that under the premise of meet the accuracy requirements can ensure the arc endpoints falling on the arc, and prevent the machine hand making wrong step or losing step.

关 键 词：图像矢量化 最小二乘法 圆弧拟合 圆弧端点约束 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TP751[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]