大口黑鲈对磷的最适需求量以及高水溶性磷酸一二钙的相对生物学利用率研究  

Study on Optimum Requirement for Phosphorus and Relative Biological Availability of High Soluble Monodicalcium Phosphate of Largemouth Bass(Micropterus salmoides)

作　　者：时博 郁欢欢 郑银桦[1] 吴秀峰[1] 陈沛 梁旭方[2] 薛敏[1,3] SHI Bo;YU Huanhuan;ZHENG Yinhua;WU Xiufeng;CHEN Pei;LIANG Xufang;XUE Min(National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Station,Feed Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;College of Fisheries,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture,Feed ResearchInstitute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院饲料研究所,国家水产饲料安全评价基地,北京100081 [2]华中农业大学水产学院,武汉430070 [3]农业部饲料生物技术重点开放实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2018年第9期3377-3387,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFF0201800); 国家自然科学基金项目(31372539,31572631); 国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2014CB138600); 北京市现代农业产业技术体系(SCGWZJ 20171103-1); 中国农业科学院基本科研业务费(1610382016010); 云天化国际植物营养研究院开放项目(YTHZWYJY2016004)

摘　　要：本试验在低磷基础饲料中添加不同水平的磷酸二钙(MCP)和高水溶性磷酸一二钙(MDCP),通过研究其对大口黑鲈生长性能、氮和磷的消化率与沉积率以及全鱼和椎骨磷含量与全鱼粗灰分含量的影响,确定大口黑鲈对磷的最适需求量以及高水溶性MDCP相对于MCP的生物学利用率。首先配制低磷基础饲料,然后在低磷基础饲料基础上分别添加8.86、11.08、13.29、15.51 g/kg M CP,以及9.34、11.67、14.01、16.34 g/kg高水溶性M DCP,使得2种磷酸盐所提供的磷均分别为2.0、2.5、3.0、3.5 g/kg,9种试验饲料分别命名为P0、P2、P2.5、P3、P3.5、DP2、DP2.5、DP3、DP3.5。每种饲料投喂4桶(重复)初始体重为(8.53±0.01)g的大口黑鲈,每个桶放养40尾,养殖周期为8周。结果显示:饲料中添加不同水平的MCP和高水溶性MDCP均显著提高了大口黑鲈的增重率、磷消化率与沉积率和全鱼粗灰分含量(P<0.05),且2种磷源对以上指标的影响差异不显著(P>0.05)。随MCP添加水平的升高,大口黑鲈的增重率和全鱼粗灰分含量均呈先上升后稳定的趋势,磷沉积率有先上升后降低的趋势,均以P0组最低。随高水溶性MDCP添加水平的升高,大口黑鲈的增重率和磷消化率呈现持续上升的趋势,磷沉积率有先上升后降低的趋势,以P0组磷沉积率最低,DP3组磷沉积率最高。分别以增重率和磷沉积率为指标,通过斜率比法计算得出高水溶性MDCP相对于MCP的生物学利用率分别为100%和118%。以M CP为磷源,饲料可消化磷含量为0.51%时,增重率和磷沉积率达到最高。以高水溶性MDCP为磷源,饲料可消化磷含量为0.52%时,磷沉积率达到最高。In this experiment, various levels of monocalcium phosphate （MCP） and high soluble monodicalcium phosphate （MDCP） were added to low-phosphorus basal diet, in order to study the effects of them on growth performance, apparent digestibility coefficients of phosphorus （ADCp） and nitrogen （ADCn）, retention ratios of phosphorus （PRR） and nitrogen value （NRR）, phosphorus content of vertebra and whole body, and ash content of whole body, and to determine the optimum requirement for phosphorus and the biological availability of high soluble MDCP relative to MCP of largemouth bass （ Micropterus salmoides ）. A low-phosphorus basal diet was prepared firstly, and then 8.86, 11.08, 13.29 and 15.51 g/kg of MCP, and 9.34, 11.67 , 14.01 and 16.34 g/kg of high soluble MDCP were added into the low-phosphorus basal diet to equally supply 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 and 3.5 g/kg of phosphorus, respectively. The nine experimental diets were accordingly named P0, P2, P2.5, P3.0, P3.5 and DP2.0, DP2.5, DP3.0, DP3.5. Each diet was fed to four replicates （tanks） with 40 largemouth bass [initial body weight： （8.53±0.01） g] in each tank for 8 weeks. The results showed as follows： diets supplemented with different levels of MCP and high soluble MDCP both significantly increased the weight gain rate （WGR）, ADCp, PRR and whole body ash content of the largemouth bass （ P 〈 0.05 ）, but there were no significant differences in them between the two phosphorus sources （ P 〉0.05）. With the MCP supplemental level increasing, the WGR and whole body ash content were increased firstly and then went in a stabilization trend, the PRR was increased firstly and then declined, and all of them in P0 group were the lowest. With the high soluble MDCP supplemental level increasing, the WGR and ADCp showed a upward tendency, the PRR was increased firstly and then decreased, and the lowest and the highest values were observed in P0 and DP3 groups, respectively （ P 〈0.05）. The biological availability of high soluble

关 键 词：大口黑鲈 磷酸二氢钙 高水溶性磷酸一二钙 磷需求量 生物学利用率 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]