明代休宁县田地面积计量之变革  

Reformation of Field Measurement in Xiuning County in the Ming Dynasty

作　　者：朱慧丽 萨日娜[1] ZHU Huili;SA Rina(School of History and Culture of Science,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 201100,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学科学史与科学文化研究院,上海201100

出　　处：《咸阳师范学院学报》2018年第6期27-31,共5页Journal of Xianyang Normal University

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目(15ZDB030)

摘　　要：通过研究地方志、契约文书等史料,对明代休宁县的田地计量方式进行梳理。在万历清丈前,休宁县以240步1亩为标准亩制,并按照肥瘠不同将田地划分成3个等级。在万历清丈后,休宁县将田地分成4个不同等级,并按照等级、类型,分别赋予不同的亩制。分析得出,其改变亩制的原因在于该县自身的地理环境特点以及"一条鞭法"的政令特点。民间的田地面积计量方式多样,反映了古代劳动人民的真实生活图景。By analyzing local chronicles and contracts, this paper sorts out the field measurement in Xiuning County in the Ming Dynasty. Before the 9 th year of Wanli, Xiuning County took 240 step（步）to make one Mu（亩）as the standard Mu, and divided the field into three grades according to the difference in terms of barrenness or fertility. After that period of time, Xiuning County divided the field into four different grades and assigned different types of land to different mu systems. Analysis shows that the reason for the change of the mu system lies in the geographical environment of the county itself and the political order called＂One Whip Decree＂. And the ways of measuring the folk land area was more diverse, which reflected the real life of the ancient working people.

关 键 词：休宁县 田地计量 一条鞭法 均平田赋 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学]