大数据视野下环境侵权诉讼证据制度的优化  

Optimization Research on Evidence System of Environmental Tort Litigation in the View of Large Data

作　　者：刘志坚[1] 丁国民[1] LIU Zhijian;DING Guomin(Law school,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou Fujian 350116,China)

机构地区：[1]福州大学法学院,福建福州350116

出　　处：《北京理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2018年第6期138-146,共9页Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology：Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：全国教育科学规划教育部青年课题"国家治理现代化进程中的环境教育法制化研究"(EEA160435)

摘　　要：大数据时代对环境侵权诉讼证据制度既形成了挑战,也带来了前所未有的发展契机。在环境侵权诉讼中,存在着技术鉴定与法庭审判"两张皮"的现象,学界主要精力大都投放于规则的设计之中,大数据对于破解环境侵权取证难、判断难等问题的突出作用尚未引起广泛重视,相关研究成果极为稀少。大数据不仅是一种依据,也是一种法律方法论。将大数据融入到环境侵权诉讼证据制度的优化进程中是当前环境法理论界和司法实践的一大课题,也是贯彻国家大数据战略的应有之义。对此,制度设计者一方面要突破法学,进行文理结合的前瞻性探索,构建环境侵权证据立法的大数据分析平台、环境侵权证据的全天候监测体系、环境侵权民事救济的大数据证据分析系统等多个大数据平台;另一方面要回归法学,在环境侵权诉讼证据制度中构建大数据的权利图谱,进行法学方法论革新,构建事前预判与事后及时取证相结合的新技术范式。The era of big data has brought about unprecedented opportunities and new problems for the evidence system of environmental tort litigation. In environmental tort litigation, there is discord between technical identification and court trial： the academic circle focuses its attention mainly on the design of rules, while the significant role of big data in solving the difficuhies in environmental tort, such as the difficulty to obtain evidence and the difficulty to judge evidence, has not been paid much attention, and there is little related research. Big data is not only a basis, but also a legal methodology. Integrating big data into the optimization process of the evidence system of environmental tort litigation is a major topic for the theoretical world of environment law and judicial practice. It is also imperative to implementing the national big data strategy. In this regard, on the one hand, system designer should break through law and carry out a prospective exploration that combines arts and science, builds up the big data analysis platform of the legislation on environmental tort evidence, the around-the-clock weather monitoring system of enviromnenta[ tort evidence, the big data evidence analysis system of environmental tort remedy, and many other legal big data platforms. On the other hand, it is necessary to return to law, build the fight map of the big data in the evidence system of environmental ton litigation, innovate legal methodology, and build a new technology paradigm that combines prejudge and timely evidence obtaining.

关 键 词：大数据 环境侵权诉讼 证据制度 优化路径 法律大数据平台 

分 类 号：D922.680.4[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]