主权与职权之争——国际法院咨询管辖权与当事国同意原则关系的争议与解决  

Sovereignty VS. Authority——Disputes and Resolutions on the Relationship between the Advisory Jurisdiction of ICJ and the Principle of State Consent

作　　者：何志鹏[1] 鲍墨尔根 HE Zhi-peng;BAO Moergen

机构地区：[1]吉林大学法学院

出　　处：《北方法学》2018年第6期125-135,共11页Northern Legal Science

摘　　要：“查戈斯群岛咨询案”再一次引发了各界对咨询管辖权与当事国同意原则关系的关注。在这一问题上，国际法院与当事国持不同态度，对当事国同意原则是否可以适用存在争议。这一争议的存在不利于咨询制度发挥作用，应探寻其存在的真正原因并解决争议。当事国同意原则有其合理性也有其局限性，而国际法院虽然否认当事国同意对咨询管辖权的影响，但也为该原则的适用留下了空间。在双方对当事国同意原则的支持与反对背后，存在着国际法院寻求发挥作用与国家寻求维护主权的矛盾。解决争议要以解决矛盾为中心，协调双方的意愿，因此不能单一地支持或反对当事国同意原则。参照实践，可以采取将国家参与咨询程序的习惯制度化，并分情况适用当事国同意原则的方式，解决双方间的争议，促进咨询制度乃至国际法治的发展。The Chagos Archipelago consultation case has once again raised concerns about the relation- ship between advisory jurisdiction of the consultation and the principle of state consent. In this issue, the ICJ has a different attitude from the countries concerned, and there is a dispute over whether the principle of state consent could be applied. The existence of this controversy is harmful to the role of the advisory sys- tem, and it should explore the real reasons for its existence to resolve the dispute. Analysis of the practice shows that the state consent has rationality as well as limitations. And the ICJ while denying influence of state consent to the advisory jurisdiction, also leaving room for the application of the principle. Under the support and opposition to the principle of state consent, there is a conflict between ICJ＇s pursuit to play a greater role and the State＇s pursuit to safeguard sovereignty. The dispute resolution must be centered on re- solving conflict and coordinating the will of parties, so the principle of state consent cannot be supported or opposed solely. With reference to practice, one can institutionalize the custom of state＇s participation in con- sultation procedures, and discriminatively apply the principle of state consent to resolve disputes between the parties, so as to promote the development of the advisory system and even the r^lla ntr Ini,~,-n~~i,~,ol I

关 键 词：国际法院 咨询管辖权 当事国同意原则 主权 职权 

分 类 号：D99[政治法律—国际法学]