张掖市甘州区传染病发病情况及其与干旱天气的关系研究  

Incidence of Infectious Diseases in Ganzhou District of Zhangye City and Their Relationship with Dry Weather

作　　者：李盛[1] 薛华[2] 王金玉[3] 李顺承 王龄庆[1] 贾清[1] 王宇红[1] 李守禹 LI Sheng1;XUE Hua2;WANG Jinyu3;LI Shuncheng2;WANG Lingqing2;JIA Qing1;WANG Yuhong1;LI Shouyu1

机构地区：[1]兰州市疾病预防控制中心 [2]张掖市甘州区疾病预防控制中心 [3]兰州大学基础医学院

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2018年第5期406-411,418,共7页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

基　　金：兰州市民生科技计划项目(2016-3-109;2018-1-121);兰州市城关区科技计划项目(2016-7-3)

摘　　要：目的了解张掖市甘州区传染病的流行规律,分析传染病发病率与干旱因素的关系,为政府和卫生部门决策和采取防疫措施提供科学依据。方法收集张掖市甘州区2012—2016年常见传染病发病资料及同期干旱因素资料,分析该地传染病的流行特点,并分析结核病和细菌性痢疾的发病率与干旱因素之间的关系。结果 2012—2016年张掖市甘州区居民各类传染病中,肺结核发病人数在65岁以上年龄段所占比例最高,而细菌性痢疾发病人数(0～15)岁儿童比例最高,且主要分布在春、夏季;其他感染性腹泻和其他传染病(0～10)岁发病人数占比最大。2012—2016年甘州区五年各种传染病发病率分别为肺结核(579.36/10万)、细菌性痢疾(29.09/10万)、肝炎(7.61/10万)、其他传染性腹泻(266.65/10万)、其他传染病(212.38/10万),且各种传染病呈现逐年降低的趋势。同时,2012—2016年甘州区肺结核发病率与各季节连续无降雨天数呈正相关(r=0.543,P=0.013),细菌性痢疾发病率与各季节连续无降雨天数呈负相关(r=-0.517,P=0.020)。结论 2012—2016年甘州区居民传染病发病率呈逐年下降趋势,且该地肺结核和细菌性痢疾的发病率与各季节连续无降雨天数有关,同时提示婴幼儿、儿童和老年人是该地传染病的重点防控人群。Objectives To understand the epidemic regularity of infectious diseases in Ganzhou district of Zhangye, analyze the relationship between the incidences of infectious diseases and drought factors, and provide scientific basis for the government and health departments to make decisions and take preventive measures. Methods The data on the incidences of common infectious diseases and drought factors from 2012 to 2016 in Ganzhou district of Zhangye were collected to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of infectious diseases, as well as the relationship between the incidences of tuberculosis and bacillary dysentery with drought factors. Results During 2012-2016 in Ganzhou district, the incidence rates of tuberculosis were the highest in elder people above 65 years of age, and the incidence rates of bacillary dysentery were the highest among children aged（0～15） year-old, which appeared mainly in the spring and summer. Children aged（0～10） years accounted for the largest number of patients caused by other infectious diarrhea and other infectious diseases. The incidence of other infectious diseases in Ganzhou area in 2012-2016 were 579.36/10~6 for tuberculosis, 29.09/10~6 for bacillary dysentery, 7.61/10~6 for hepatitis, 266.65/10~6 for other infectious diarrhea and 212.38/10~6 for other infectious diseases, respectively the rate of all of these diseases showed a downward trend in these years. The incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis was positively correlated with the number of consecutive days without rainfall in a season（r=0.543, P=0.013）, while the incidence of bacillary dysentery was negatively correlated with the number of consecutive days without rainfall in a season（r=-0.517, P=0.020）. Conclusions The incidences of infectious diseases in residents of Ganzhou district showed a downward trend year by year in 2012-2016, and the incidences of tuberculosis and bacterial dysentery in this area were related to the continuous no rain days in a season. The result suggested that infants, children a

关 键 词：传染病 发病率 干旱天气 

分 类 号：R183.1[医药卫生—流行病学]