超声检查在儿童鼻骨骨折诊断中的应用价值  

Application value of ultrasound in diagnosis of children with nasal fracture

作　　者：吕晓丹[1] 赵新宇 赵鹏 尹利芳 卢仕仰 魏建芳 田成远 杨贵 Lu Xiao-dan;ZHAO Xin-yu;ZHAO Peng;YIN Li-fang;LU Shi-yang;WEI Jian-fang;TIAN Cheng-yuan;YANG Gui(Department of Paediatrics,Longgang District Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Shenzhen 518172,Guangdong,China;a.Department of Ultrasoun＆ b.Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Longgang ENT Hospital,Shenzhen 518172,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市龙岗区妇幼保健院儿科,广东深圳518172 [2]深圳市龙岗区耳鼻咽喉医院超声科,广东深圳518172 [3]深圳市龙岗区耳鼻咽喉医院耳鼻咽喉科,广东深圳518172

出　　处：《生物医学工程与临床》2018年第6期648-651,共4页Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Medicine

基　　金：深圳市重点实验室项目(ZDSYS201506050935272);深圳市龙岗区科技创新委基础研究项目(YLWS20150513150314137);深圳市龙岗区科技创新委(Na LGKCYLWS2018000226)

摘　　要：目的利用高频灰阶超声观察儿童鼻骨骨折,为找到更安全的诊断儿童鼻骨骨折方法提供理论依据。方法选择56例鼻骨骨折患儿,其中男性37例,女性19例;年龄3~14岁,中位年龄7.9岁。以CT检查为参照,对比分析闭合性鼻骨骨折患儿的单纯线型骨折、粉碎型骨折、复合型骨折、不完全型骨折等4种类型超声声像图特征。结果在56例鼻骨骨折患儿中,通过超声诊断单纯线型骨折(Ⅰ型)12例,不完全型骨折(Ⅱ型)13例,粉碎型骨折(Ⅲ型)3例,复合型骨折(Ⅳ型)2例,26例未发现骨折声像;通过CT诊断Ⅰ型14例,Ⅱ型12例,Ⅲ型3例,Ⅳ型2例,未发现骨折25例。超声与CT检查的诊断阳性率差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。结论高频超声诊断正确率高,费用相对低廉,无创性,无辐射,避免了儿童因放射造成的癌症的发生,可作为儿童鼻部外伤诊断鼻骨骨折的首选检查项目,值得临床推广应用。Objective To observe the nasal fracture of children with high frequency gray scale ultrasound, and provide a theoretical basis for safer method in diagnosing of children with nasal bone fractures. Methods A total of 56 children with nasal fracture were enrolled, which included 37 males and 19 females, aged 3-14 years old with median age of 7.9 years old.CT examination was used as reference to compare four types of ultrasound features in children with closed nasal fracture：simple linear fracture（type Ⅰ）, complete fracture（type Ⅱ）, comminuted fracture（type Ⅲ） and compound fracture（type Ⅳ）.Results In 56 cases of nasal bone fracture, there were 12 of type Ⅰ, 13 of type Ⅱ, 3 of type Ⅲ, 2 of type Ⅳ and 26 without fracture diagnosed by ultrasound. Meanwhile, 14 cases of type Ⅰ, 12 of type Ⅱ, 3 of type Ⅲ, 2 of type Ⅳ and 25 without fracture were diagnosed by CT. There was no significant difference in positive rate between ultrasound and CT examination（P〉0.05）. Conclusion It is demonstrated that high-frequency ultrasound could be used as the first choice for diagnosis of nasal fracture in children with nasal trauma, because of high diagnostic accuracy, relatively low cost, non-invasive and non-radiation. So it is worthy of clinical application.

关 键 词：儿童 鼻骨骨折 超声诊断 CT诊断 

分 类 号：R445.1[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学] R726.8[医药卫生—诊断学]