某大型砷渣场地土壤As污染特征及生态风险评价  

Soil Pollution Characteristics and Ecological Risk Assessment of As at a Largescale Arsenic Slag-contaminated Site

作　　者：刘庚 石瑛[2] 田海金 李豪 张蕾 牛俊杰 郭观林[4] 张朝[4] LIU Geng;SHI Ying;TIAN Hai-jin;LI Hao;ZHANG Lei;NIU Jun-jie;GUO Guan-lin;ZHANG Chao(Research Center for Scientific Development in Fenhe River Valley,Taiyuan Normal University,Taiyuan 030619,China;Department of Biology,Taiyuan Normal University,Taiyuan 030619,China;Yunnan Jingshangda Environmental Consulting Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650228,China;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]太原师范学院汾河流域科学发展研究中心,太原030619 [2]太原师范学院生物系,太原030619 [3]云南靖尚达环境咨询有限公司,昆明650228 [4]中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012

出　　处：《环境科学》2018年第12期5639-5646,共8页Environmental Science

基　　金：污染场地安全修复技术国家工程实验室开放基金项目(NEL-SRT201708);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(41401236);山西省‘1331工程’重点创新团队建设计划项目;太原师范学院校级1331工程重点创新团队;重点实验室计划项目

摘　　要：为精确识别大型污染场地土壤污染特征并评价其生态风险,以我国某大型砷渣场地为研究对象,采集场地土壤样品184个、周边农田土壤样品101个和砷渣样品14个,选择场地中特征污染物As,采用多元统计学、地统计学、地累积指数以及潜在生态风险系数等方法揭示研究区As污染特征和生态风险程度.结果表明,场地土壤、农田土壤及砷渣中As含量的平均值分别为1 333. 0、358. 1和17 316. 1 mg·kg^(-1),其污染程度均远高于国家土壤环境质量Ⅲ级标准.污染物垂向分布特征及3维空间分布范围结果显示,As在各土壤剖面深度内均有不同程度的累积,具有一定的空间异质性,场地表层土壤污染较为严重,场地土壤样点中As含量明显高于周边农田土壤.潜在生态危害系数评价结果表明,各土层的潜在生态危害系数平均值均超过了100,场地土壤和周边农田土壤所有样点中等危害程度以上的样点累积比例分别达到58. 21%和61. 39%,表明该场地及周边农田土壤区域存在着比较严重的生态环境风险.A large-scale arsenic slag-contaminated site was selected to determine soil pollution characteristics and the degree of ecological risk of a large-scale contaminated site. In this study,184 site soil samples,101 agricultural soil samples,and 14 arsenic slag samples were collected and the pollution characteristics and ecological risk of As were evaluated using multivariate statistics,geostatistics,and the geoaccumulation and potential ecological risk index methods. The results show that the average As contents in site soil,agricultural soil,and arsenic slag are 1 333. 0,358. 1,and 17 316. 1 mg·kg-1,respectively. The degree of contamination of As exceeds the national standard Ⅲ of the environmental soil quality. The results of the vertical and three-dimensional distributions of contamination show that As is accumulated to different extents in different strata. The accumulation in the site surface soil is the most serious. The As concentrations in site soil samples are higher than that in agricultural soil samples. The potential ecological risk index method shows that all mean potential ecological risk indexes exceed 100 in different strata. Moreover,the percentage of samples in site and agricultural soils at medium pollution level ratios is 58. 21% and 61. 39%,respectively,illustrating that the As pollution of soil samples from this contaminated site and surrounding farm areas is serious.

关 键 词：大型污染场地 重金属 污染评价 生态风险 分布特征 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X820.4