耳鼻喉科院内感染患者病原菌检测、耐药性及易感部位分析  

Pathogen detection,drug resistance and susceptible location analysis in patients with nosocomial infection in department of ENT

作　　者：王强[1] 胡未鸣[1] 陈敏强[1] WANG Qiang;HU Wei-ming;CHEN Min-qiang(Zhejiang Provincial People＇s Hospital,the People＇s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310014,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省人民医院杭州医学院附属人民医院

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2018年第22期2758-2760,共3页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

摘　　要：目的 拟通过对耳鼻喉科院内感染患者病原菌检测、耐药性及易感部位分析,为临床用药与控制院内感染提供依据。方法 回顾性分析2 341例耳鼻喉科患者的有关临床资料。结果 2 341例耳鼻喉科患者中发生院内感染197例（占8. 4%）,共检出病原菌204株;革兰阴性杆菌110株（占53. 9%）,以铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯杆菌、鲍氏不动杆菌为主;革兰阳性球菌74株（占36. 3%）,以金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌为主。常见的感染部位是上呼吸道、下呼吸道、泌尿系统的感染与手术类的切口感染等。表皮葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌对利奈唑胺、万古霉素,肺炎克雷伯杆菌对美罗培南、亚胺培南的完全敏感;表皮葡萄球菌对苯唑西林,铜绿假单胞菌对头孢唑林完全耐药。结论 常见病原菌耐药性均较高,临床应依据药敏试验的结果进行合理化用药;临床上应及早采取有效的措施积极防控院内感染,进一步改善患者预后。Objective To provide basis for clinical drug use and nosocomial infection control through the detection of pathogenic bacteria, drug resistance and susceptibility site analysis of nosocomial infection patients in otorhinolaryngology department. Methods To retrospectively analyze the clinical data of 2 341 patients in Department of ENT. Results Nosocomial infection occurred in 197 of 2 341 patients（8.4% ）. 204 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected. The common pathogenic bacteria were mainly 110 strains of Gram -negative bacilli（53.9% ） , mainly including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumanniL 74 strains were Gram -positive cocci （36.3 % ）, mainly including Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylo- coccus epidermidis. Common infection sites were upper and lower respiratory tract, urinary tract and surgical incision infections. Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus were completely sensitive to linezolid and vancomycin. Klebsiella pneumon- iae was completely sensitive to meropenem and imipenem; Staphylococcus epidermidis was completely resistant to oxacillin, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was completely resistant to cefazolin. Conclusion The common pathogens have high drug resistance, and should be rationalized according to the results of drug susceptibility test. Clinically, effective measures should be taken early to actively prevent and control nosocomial infections so as to improve the prognosis of patients.

关 键 词：耳鼻喉科院内感染 病原菌检测 耐药性 易感部位 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]