2016年衢州市5岁以下儿童病毒性腹泻监测结果分析  

Surveillance results analysis of viral diarrhea in children under 5-year-old in Quzhou,2016

作　　者：龚敏[1] 余旭良[2] 陈旭富 毛中美[1] 邵丽珍[1] GONG Min;YU Xu-liang;CHEN Xu-fu;MAO Zhong-mei;SHAO Li-zhen(Department of Pediatric,the People＇s Hospital of Quzhou,Quzhou,Zhejiang 324000,China)

机构地区：[1]衢州市人民医院儿科,浙江衢州324000 [2]衢州市人民医院检验科,浙江衢州324000 [3]衢州市疾病预防控制中心,浙江衢州324000

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2018年第22期2779-2781,共3页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

摘　　要：目的 了解衢州市5岁以下儿童病毒性腹泻的流行病学特征,为病毒性腹泻的防治提供理论依据。方法 采用实时荧光定量PCR对2016年衢州市462例疑似病毒性腹泻患者粪便标本同时进行轮状病毒（RV）、诺如病毒（NV）、星状病毒（Ast V）和肠道腺病毒（Ad V）核酸检测。结果 462份标本总的阳性率为60. 2%（278/462）,4种病毒阳性率分别为RV（31. 2%,144/462）、NV（25. 3%,117/462）、Ad V（2. 4%,11/462）和Ast V（1. 3%,6/462）,分别占总阳性检出的51. 8%、42. 1%、4. 0%和2. 1%（其中包括混合感染17份,占总阳性病例的6. 5%）。患者以≤2岁儿童为主。不同病毒发病高峰期不同,2016年1月-3月和10月-12月是轮状病毒流行高峰期; 2016年1月-5月和10月-12月是诺如病毒流行高峰期。结论 2016年衢州市病毒性腹泻呈高发状态,其中轮状病毒和诺如病毒是主要的病原之一,星状病毒与肠道腺病毒的阳性率较低,存在一定比例的混合感染。应加强对病毒性腹泻,尤其是婴幼儿病毒性腹泻的监测。Objective To understand the etiological characteristics of viral diarrhea in children under 5 years old in Quzhou, so as to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of viral diarrhea. Methods A total of 462 stool samples were collected from diarrhea patients for the nucleic detection of rotavirus, norovirus, astrovirus and enteric adenovirus by real - time PCR. Results The total positive rate of 462 specimens was 60.2% （278/462）. The positive rate was 31.2% （144/462） for rotavirus, 25.3% （117/462） for norovirus, 2.4% （11/462） for enteric adenovirus and 1.3% （6/462） for astrovirus. The positive samples of 4 pathogens accounted for 51.8%, 42.1%, 4.0% and 2.1% of total positive samples（ including 17 co - infections, accounting for 6.5% of total positive samples）. Most cases were children aged ≤2 years old. The incidence peaks of rotavirus infection occurred during January - March and October - December respectively, and the incidence peak of norovirus infection occurred during January - May and October - December. Conclusion The incidence of viral diarrhea was high in Quzhou in 2016. Rotavirus and norovirus were the major pathogens. The detection rates of astrovirus and enteric adenovirus were low, co - infections was detected too. It is necessary to strengthen the surveillance of viral diarrhea, especially among infants and young children.

关 键 词：病毒性腹泻 轮状病毒 诺如病毒 星状病毒 肠道腺病毒 

分 类 号：R725.1[医药卫生—儿科]