人类命运共同体理念下的联合国集体安全机制改革  

The Reform of the United Nations Collective Security Mechanism under the Concept of a Community of Common Destiny for Humankind

作　　者：李廷康 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学国家领土主权与海洋权益创新中心,中国边界与海洋研究院

出　　处：《国际关系研究》2018年第5期39-61,共23页Journal of International Relations

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目"海外安全利益保护的中国模式研究"(项目编号:13AFX028)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：本文围绕两个问题展开:人类命运共同体理念为何可以和如何给联合国集体安全机制改革提供指引?对于前者,本文提出人类命运共同体理念是一种构建国际共同体的中国方案和理想,它与集体安全的联系建立在国际共同体与集体安全的关系基础之上。从渊源和历史发展来看,集体安全是一种共同体式的安全结构:往往有什么样的国际共同体构建理念,就相应有什么样的集体安全体系;一定的集体安全也需要一定的组织形式作为支撑。作为国际共同体理念和集体安全理想的当代载体,联合国的建立体现了国际共同体特别是安全共同体的特征,联合国集体安全机制的原则和程序设计也继承了这些理念,尤其是对共同利益、共同价值和共同行动的要求。但是,由于缺乏集体安全运行的理想条件,联合国集体安全机制存在难以弥补的内在缺陷,其改革不仅难以突破成员国之间的利益和价值分歧,而且因受到西方构建国际共同体思路的影响而产生偏离。对于后者,本文认为人类命运共同体理念既是对联合国理念的继承和创新,也是对西方国际共同体观念的超越,其理念和实践将促进国际社会的融合和发展,对联合国集体安全机制的改革在各方面均起到促进和指引作用。This article proceeds with the two issues:why and how can the concept of a community of common destiny for humankind provide guidance for the reform of the U-nited Nations collective security mechanism?For the former issue,this paper argues that the concept of a community of common destiny for humankind is a China's program and ideal for building the international community,and its connection with collective security is based on the relationship between the international community and its collective security.Collective security is a communal security framework seen from the perspective of its origin and historical development:what kind of concept of building the international community we have tends to give us a corresponding collective security system;and certain collective security also requires a certain organizational form to support.As a contemporary vehicle of the concept of the international community and the ideal of collective security,the United Nations was established to reflect the characteristics of the international community,especially those of the security community.The principles and the design of the procedures of the United Nations collective security mechanism also inherit these ideas,especially the need for the common interests,common values and common action.However,due to the lack of ideal conditions for the operation of collective security,the United Nations collective security mechanism has inherent defects that cannot be remedied.Its reform is not only difficult to break through the differences of interests and values among member states,but also generates deviation due to the influence of the Western ideas for building the international community.For the latter issue,this paper believes that the concept of a community of common destiny for humankind is not only an inheritance and innovation of the UN ideals,but also a transcendence of the Western concept of the international community.Its ideas and practice will promote the integration and development of the international community,play

关 键 词：人类命运共同体 联合国集体安全机制 国际共同体 普遍安全 

分 类 号：D820[政治法律—政治学]