避雨栽培对芒果生长和发育的影响初探  

The Effects of Rain-shelter Cultivation on the Growth and Development of Mango

作　　者：方中斌[1] 罗慧[1] 罗聪[1] 李峰[1] 李界秋[1] 何新华[1] FANG Zhong-bin;LUO Hui;LUO Cong;LI Feng;LI Jie-qiu;HE Xin-hua(College of Agriculture,Guangxi University,Nanning,Guangxi,53000)

机构地区：[1]广西大学农学院,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《南方园艺》2018年第6期10-14,共5页Southern Horticulture

基　　金：南宁市青秀区科技局项目(2012N04);国家现代农业产业技术体系广西芒果创新团队桂南站(nycytxgxcxtd-06-04)

摘　　要：为探明避雨栽培对芒果生长和发育的影响,笔者以台农一号芒和桂热芒71号为供试品种,开展露地栽培和避雨栽培的田间对比试验,调查避雨栽培对芒果枝条姿态、开花率、结果情况、物候期、花期白粉病与果实流胶病以及寒害反应等方面影响。结果表明,避雨栽培下,台农一号芒枝条下垂不显著,而桂热芒71号枝条下垂严重,与露地栽培差异显著;避雨栽培对开花率影响不显著,但降低花穗长度与宽度;避雨栽培下,台农一号芒和桂热芒71号单株结果数量分别为20.3和41.2个,且台农一号芒产生14.3个无胚果;露地栽培下,台农一号芒和桂热芒71号单株结果数量分别为46.3和48.7个;避雨栽培下,台农一号芒和桂热芒71号花芽萌发期分别提前11 d和5 d;避雨栽培的花穗发生白粉病严重;露地栽培果实生长后期易发生流胶病,且对寒害的反应症状明显。In order to understand the effects of rain-shelter cultivation on mango growth and development, a fieldcomparitive experiment was performed to investigate the effects of rain shelter cultivation and open cultivation onbranch posture, flowering rate, fruit set, phenological phase, powdery mildew, gummosis and chill reaction ofTainong No.1 mango and Guire mango No.71. Results showed that branch drooping of Tainong No.1 mango was notsignificant, but Guire mango No.71 was remarkable under rain-shelter cultivation. Rain-shelter cultivation had noobvious effect on flowering rate, but flowers length and width reduced. Under rain-shelter cultivation, fruitingquantities per plant of Tainong No.1 mango and Guire mango No.71 were 20.3 and 46.3, respectively, and the noempryo fruits of Tainong No.1was 14.3. Under open cultivation, fruiting quantities per plant of Tainong No.1 mangoand Guire mango No.71 were 46.3 and 48.7 respectively. The flower bud germinating period of Tainong No.1 mangoand Guire mango No.71 advanced 11 and 5 days, respectively. Rain-shelter cultivation inflorescence was prone topowdery mildew, but open cultivation fruits were prone to gummosis at fruit later growth stage and the chillinginjury was obvious.

关 键 词：杧果 避雨栽培 枝条姿势 开花结果 寒害 

分 类 号：S667.7[农业科学—果树学]