中国多维贫困的测度与分解  

China's Multidimensional Poverty 2010—2014:Calculation and Decomposition

作　　者：沈扬扬 Sabina Alkire 詹鹏[5,2] Shen Yangyang;Sabina Alkire;Zhan Peng(School of Economics and Resource Management,Beijing Normal University,Beijing100875,China;Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative,University of Oxford,Oxford,UK;School of Economics,Nanjing University of Finance and Economics,Nanjing210023,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学经济与资源管理研究院 [2]北京师范大学中国收入分配研究院 [3]北京师范大学中国扶贫研究院,100875 [4]牛津大学贫困与人类发展研究中心 [5]南京财经大学经济学院

出　　处：《南开经济研究》2018年第5期3-18,共16页Nankai Economic Studies

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“我国城乡居民多维贫困的测量及精准扶贫绩效的评估”(71874089)、全国党校系统重点调研课题“发展农村电商打赢精准脱贫攻坚战研究”和教育部人文社科基金青年项目“减贫目标约束下的多维贫困微观模拟模型研究”(18YJC910015)的阶段性成果.

摘　　要：本文基于中国家庭调查数据(CFPS),依据全球MPI标准,测算并分析了中国的多维贫困状况。研究发现,中国的多维贫困程度并不高,并且随着时间的推移呈现下降趋势;区域发展不平衡对多维贫困有着显著的影响;贫困人群普遍在健康、教育等方面遭受了剥夺,但细化到各群组,指标贡献度各有差异;经济贫困与多维贫困的交叠程度呈跨期递减趋势。总体而言,中国以发展为中心的扶贫政策在实践中取得了显著的成效,贫困人口的发展能力得到了显著提升,这是中国在减贫领域取得巨大成就的一条重要经验,同时也预示了中国在2020年前全面奔向小康社会、实现减贫目标的良好前景。Using China Family Panel Studies（CFPS）dataset,this paper calculated and analyzed China′s multidimensional poverty from 2010 to 2014. The results suggested：a. China′s multi-dimensional poverty rate was not high,and kept declining overtime. b. The regional disparity of poverty still held. c. The multidimensional poor are most likely to be deprived in health and edu-cation in general,when zooming into sub-groups though,major deprivations varied. d. The overlap between multidimensional poverty and income/consumption poverty was small. In con-clusion,the development-oriented poverty alleviation strategies made remarkable achieve-ments,capability of the poor was increased through the anti-poverty policies,forming valuable experience and presenting bright outlook for building Xiaokang Society in 2020.

关 键 词：多维贫困 经济贫困 分解分析 

分 类 号：F323.8[经济管理—产业经济]