特高压变电站厂界环境噪声测量与评估探讨  

Measurement and Evaluation of Ambient Noise in UHV Substations

作　　者：杜杰伟 于慧彬 倪园 汤其森 张廷佑 DU Jiewei;YU Huibin;NI Yuan;TANG Qisen;ZHANG Tingyou(Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation,Qilu University of Technology（Shandong Academy of Sciences）,Qingdao 266001,Shandong China;Shandong Marine Instrument Science and Technology Center,Qingdao 266001,Shandong China;China Electric Power Research Institute,Wuhai 430074,China;College of Biomedical Engineering ＆ Instrument Science,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310013,China)

机构地区：[1]齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院),山东省科学院海洋仪器仪表研究所,山东青岛266001 [2]山东省海洋仪器仪表科技中心,山东青岛266001 [3]中国电力科学研究院有限公司,武汉430074 [4]浙江大学生仪学院仪器科学与工程学系,杭州310013

出　　处：《噪声与振动控制》2018年第6期118-123,共6页Noise and Vibration Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(11574269);山东省重大科技创新工程项目(2018CXGC0104);山东省科技重大专项(产业转型升级)(2015ZDZX08001);国家电网北京市电力公司横向课题资助项目(SGBJ0000JSGC1500763)

摘　　要：准确测量评估变电站的厂界环境噪声,不仅可以掌握站内主设备运行状态下的辐射噪声水平,而且为变电站环境噪声的治理提供理论依据。采用声学边界元和现场声压测量的实验方法,首先分析变电站辐射噪声传播衰减规律,然后对如何提高厂界噪声的测试评估精度进行探讨,最后分析实际运行中的特高压变电站厂界噪声分布特性。研究结果表明:在靠近变电站主噪声源的位置或者变电站高压母线进出位置得到的声压级较高,更容易捕捉到最大声压级所在的位置,声压测点布置的原则是能够覆盖最大声压级测点区域。基于声压测量信噪比的概念,解释了变电站厂界噪声测量过程中的背景噪声问题,给出了一种变电站厂界噪声修正意见。由实测经验可知,若适当增大测点密度,可以提高厂界噪声评测的准确性,从而进行合理评估。Accurate measurement and evaluation of factory boundary noise are helpful for understanding the sound radiation level of main equipment in UHV substations. They also provide a theoretical basis for environmental noise control. In this paper, the propagation and attenuation rules of noise in a UHV substation are analyzed based on field measurement of sound pressure level and simulation by means of acoustic BEM. Then, the method and scheme to improve the accuracy of evaluation of factory boundary noise are discussed. Finally, the distribution characteristics of the factory boundary noise in the UHV substation axe analyzed. The results show that the locations near the main noise source and the inlet and outlet of the high-voltage bus in the substation have high sound pressure levels, where the location of maximum sound pressure can be found easily. The principle of sound pressure measurement point layout is to cover the area of the maximum sound pressure level. Based on the concept of SNR （signal-to-noise ratio） in sound pressure measurement, the background noise problem in measuring the factory boundary noise is explained, and the advice for modifying the factory boundary noise of the substation is given. It can be seen from measurement experience that properly increasing the density of measurement points can raise the accuracy of factory boundary noise evaluation.

关 键 词：声学 特高压变电站 环境噪声 背景噪声 边界元法 噪声评估 

分 类 号：X827[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TB522[理学—物理]