南方紫海胆摄食习性的初步研究  

Preliminary study on feeding habits of Anthocidaris crassispina

作　　者：聂永康[1,2] 陈丕茂[1] 周艳波[1] 秦传新[1] 余景[1] 袁华荣[1] 冯雪[1] 王云祥[1,3] 赵漫[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所农业部南海渔业资源环境科学观测实验站中国水产科学研究院海洋牧场技术重点实验室,广东广州510300 [2]上海海洋大学,上海201306 [3]天津农学院,天津300384

出　　处：《南方水产科学》2016年第3期1-8,共8页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD18B02;2012BAD18B01-2);海洋公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201205021-3);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所)资助项目(2014TS07;2015TS05)

摘　　要：采用实验生态学的方法研究了成体南方紫海胆(Anthocidaris crassispina)的摄食和活力情况。结果表明,紫海胆在5种海藻共存的情况下,对不同海藻类具有不同选择性,日摄食率有显著性差异,对琼枝麒麟菜(Betaphycus gelatinum)的嗜食性最高,其次为半叶马尾藻(Sargassum hemiphyllum)、石花菜(Gelidium amansii)、石莼(Ulva lactuca),对刺松藻(Codium fragile)的喜好性较差。紫海胆的摄食受水温、海藻种类和自身体质量的影响,在23~27℃时活力和摄食状态最佳,水温升高和降低均会显著抑制其摄食;成体紫海胆对石莼、半叶马尾藻和琼枝麒麟菜的日摄食率有显著差异;在最适摄食水温下,紫海胆日摄食率随体质量增加呈显著的指数下降趋势。We studied the feeding and vitality of adult Anthocidaris crassispina by using experimental ecology studies. The results show that A. crassispina had an obvious preference for Betaphycus gelatinum,followed by Sargassum hemiphyllum,Gelidium amansii and Ulva lactuca. Besides,the selection rate of Codium fragile was very low. The daily feed intake rate was affected by water temperature,seaweed species and body weight of A. crassispina. Both daily feed intake rate and vitality were at the best level of 23 ~ 27 ℃. And the daily feed intake rate of adult A. crassispina on U. lactuca,S. hemiphyllum and B. gelatinum were different. Under the optimum feeding water temperature,the daily feed intake rate of adult A. crassispina decreased with increasing body weight significantly.

关 键 词：紫海胆 摄食习性 海藻 日摄食率 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]