微咸水灌溉农作物生长的改善技术研究  

Practices of Improving Brackish Water Irrigated Crops Growth

作　　者：张余良[1] 邵玉翠[1] 严晔端[2] 李悦[3] 

机构地区：[1]天津市农业科学院,天津300192 [2]天津市水利科学研究所,天津300061 [3]天津市人民政府,天津300042

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2006年第S1期295-300,共6页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：天津市科技发展计划项目(99312711)

摘　　要：通过在天津市静海县进行的11种土壤改良剂和4种施肥技术的试验表明,施用磷石膏、沸石、风化褐煤、土壤结构改良剂和土壤蓄水剂以及它们的适当组合,能够明显提高土壤的孔隙度、初始入渗率,促进水稳性团粒结构形成,降低微咸水灌溉土壤的全盐、Cl-离子、Na+离子、碱量AP、SSP,改善土壤物理、化学环境和灌溉微咸水小麦、甜菜、苜蓿的生长性状,可使作物的产量提高15%。基肥增加钙肥、有机肥,采用促发芽、生根的微量元素或生长调节剂拌种,生长季节适当增加或控制追施氮肥,可以增强作物的耐盐能力,提高微咸水灌溉适应性,促进小麦和玉米生长,增加生物产量15%～30%及经济产量15%。Field experiments with 11 soil amendment agents and 4 fertilizing techniques that had been done in Jinghai county of Tianjin,China to show possibility of brackish water as irrigation were conducted in the present investigation.The results indicated following conclusions.Phosphorus gesso,zeolite,weathering lignite,soil structure improving dosage,soil water conservation dosage,and their proper combinations could obviously enhance soil porosity,soil initial infiltration ratio of water,promote soil granulation of water sustainable aggregate,debase soil salt,Cl-ion,Na+ ion,alkali quantity AP,SSP in the brackish water irrigated soil.In addition,the irrigation procedure could also ameliorate soil physics,chemical environment and growth properties of brackish water irrigated and wheat,sugar beet,clover,and also enhance crop′s output by 15%.Using more calcium fertilizer and organic manure,dressing seed with minor elements or growth regulating agents of promoting germination and taking root,and bestowing or controlling nitrogen fertilizer during growing season properly could enhance crop′s ability of salt endurance and adaptability of brackish water irrigation,promote wheat and maize growth,increase biology output and economy output by 15%~30% and 15%,respectively.

关 键 词：土壤改良剂 施肥技术 全盐 经济产量 微咸水 灌溉 

分 类 号：S273.5[农业科学—农业水土工程]