干旱半干旱地区农林复合生态系统农田小气候变化研究  

A STUDY ON CLIMATE VARIATION OVER THE RESTRICTIVE FARMLAND IN A FARM-FOREST COMPOUND ECOSYSTEM IN THE ARID SEMI-ARID DISTRICT

作　　者：包翔[1] 常金宝[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古林学院林学系,呼和浩特010019

出　　处：《内蒙古林学院学报》1999年第2期39-43,共5页

摘　　要：伊克昭盟达拉特旗地处黄河南岸，北部为地势平坦的黄河冲积平原，地下水资源丰富，灌溉条件优越，并且适宜开发的沙荒地和亟待改造的低产田很多。通过对该区实行农、林、草结合经营，形成具有良性循环的农林复合生态经济系统。它主要包括四种经营形式：农——林间作型、林——粮间作型、纯林型和林——草型。经４—６ 年复合经营后，证明复合生态系统具有明显的改善农田小气候的功能。在早春，由于林木的存在，使复合系统内部的气温提高了１℃，而地温提高了２℃左右，同时可以降低风速，降低蒸发速率等，这对干旱春季农作物种子的萌发和幼苗生长是十分有利的。而在盛夏的盛叶期，农林复合又可以降低系统内部气温，有效地防止干热风对农作物的危害。The Da Le Te Banner of Yi Ke Zhao League locates on the south bank of the Yellow River.The northern part of its is a smooth alluvial plain of Yellow River which is rich in groundwater and advantageous in irrigation conditions.Besides there are extensive sandy wasteland suitable for exploitation and low yielded farm ladn urgently demanding transformation in there.And now a beneficial circle,farm-forest compound ecosystem,has been formed through an unified management of farming,forestry and herbage planting which mainly consists of four type of managements,that is,they are farming-forestry intercropping,forestry-crop intercropping,unmixed forestry and forestry-grass planting.The comprehensive management of four to six years verified the fact that the compound ecosystem above has a significant effect on the improvement of climate over the farmland.In the early spring season,the existence of forest increases the atmospheric temperature in the compound ecosystem 1℃ and the earth temperature around 2℃,furthemore,decreases the wind speed and evaporation rate which is desirable for the seed germination of crops during dry spring season and the growth of young shoot.The forestry-farming compound ecosystem may also reduses the atmospheric temperature inside the system and prevents the crops from damage due to dry hot wind efficiently.

关 键 词：农林复合生态系统 农田小气候 

分 类 号：S7[农业科学—林学]