用于生物质酶解过程的纤维素酶研究进展  

Progress of cellulase that using for biomass hydrolysis process

作　　者：何敏超[1] 许敬亮[1] 陈小燕[1] 孔晓英[1] 袁振宏[1] 张宇[1] 余强[1] 刘云云[1] 王闻[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广州能源研究所中国科学院可再生能源重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2016年第S1期290-296,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展(863)计划(2012AA101802和2013AA065803);国家自然科学基金(21306196);广东省科技攻关项目-工业高新技术领域科技计划项目(2013B010403021);广州市科技攻关项目(2013J4300026)

摘　　要：纤维素酶解效率是木质纤维素经济、高效生化转化的限制瓶颈。该文讨论了影响纤维素酶酶解经济性与高效性的多个要素,如:高滤纸酶活菌株的选育、发酵、酶解机理、酶解影响因素及酶解混合体系的优化等。该文研究表明,纤维二糖水解酶可能是决定发酵体系中滤纸酶活高低的关键单酶组分,同时,该酶可能也是预处理后生物质酶解体系中决定滤纸酶活效率的关键单酶组分。酶解过程中关键限速反应的认识及关键限制因素形成机制的揭示将成为纤维素酶生化转化研究的重点,这些机理机制的建立可为构建高比活力纤维素酶提供理论依据。The effectiveness of enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose is a key limiting factor for the economical and efficient bioconversion of lignocellulosic materials into fermentable sugars. A group of important factors which could influence the economic and efficiency of the cellulase catalytic reaction was deeply discussed, such as, screening and isolation of strain with a high level of cellulase collected from agricultural field soil or forestry land soil, breeding a hyper cellulase producer after a series of mutation process with a variety of mutation strategies, an engineering singular componet cellulase producing strain constructed by the gene manipulation, factors influencing the cellulase activity in the liquid states fermentation system, the enzymatic hydrolysis mechanism of cellulase especially the important and widely accepted presumption of cellobiohydrolase(CBH) catalytic hydrolysis procedure, the influenza of enzymatic catalytic hydrolysis of lignocellulose after a pretreatment as well as the optimization of the enzymatic hydrolysis mixture. Particularly, both the critical limiting factor of the filter paper cellulase activity in the liquid state fermentation system and the vital limiting single cellulase component in the enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials after a pretreatment were all deeply discussed from a novel perspective. Comparision and analysis the hyper enzymatic activity of CBH, EG(endo-gluconase), BGL(β-glucosidase) as well as FPA(filter paper activity) from a large number of related literatures, it could be presumed that CBH just was the critical enzymatic component which could determine the enzymatic activity of filter paper in the overall fermentation system in the presence of hyper activity of BGL. Furthermore, analyzing the decline rate and the residual activity of CBH、EG、BGL as well as FPA in the enzymatic hydrolysis system, it was assumed that the CBH could also determine the FPA and hence it could be the crucial enzymatic component in the cellulosic materials depolymeriz

关 键 词：生物质 酶 纤维 滤纸酶活 纤维素酶 AA9裂解酶 生化转化 

分 类 号：Q55[生物学—生物化学]