海南岛北部玄武岩上土壤发生研究 Ⅲ.元素地球化学特征  

STUDY ON GENESIS OF SOILS DERIVED FROM BASALT IN NORTHERN HAINAN ISLAND Ⅲ. ELEMENT GEOCHEMISTRY

作　　者：黄成敏[1,2] 龚子同[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京土壤研究所 [2]四川大学环境学院,成都610065

出　　处：《土壤学报》2002年第5期643-652,共10页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点基金项目 (4 983 1 0 0 4);中国科学院特别支持项目 (90科计发 0 85 4)

摘　　要：对海南岛北部玄武岩上不同风化成土年代的土壤研究发现 ,随风化成土年龄增加 ,土壤具有Sr、Ba含量减少 ,Sr/Be比值降低 ,而Ni、Cr、Co、V、Sc以及Fe/Ni和Fe/Co比值有增加的趋势。Ba/Nb与风化成土年龄相关性极好 ,可作为反映土壤风化程度的良好指标。运用质量平衡原理 ,以Ti为非移动元素探讨元素的迁移 ,发现元素淋溶作用在土壤发育初期最强烈。 90 %以上的Ca、Mg、K、Na在新成土阶段淋失 ,P的淋失也基本发生在此阶段 :约 60 %Si至雏形土阶段时已遭淋溶。As soil ages, its contents of Sr, Ba and Sr/Be decrease, and the contents of V, Sc, Ni, Cr, Co as well as Fe/Ni and Fe/Co rise, which was discovered in a study on soils of different soil ages, developed on basalts in the north Hainan Island . Ba/Nb, significantly, correlative with soil ages can be used to evaluate s oil development. By the mass balance method to element migration was discussed with Ti as immobile element. The results show that elements leach most extremely in weakly developed soils. In this period (Entisols), over 90 per cent of Ca, Mg, K and Na were lost, out of solum till ferrosols formation. The leaching of P occurred mainly in the beginning of soil development. About 60 per cent of Si l ost in the stage of Cambisols and 80 per cent in the stage of Ferralisols.

关 键 词：海南岛 玄武岩 成土过程 地球化学 元素 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学] S151[农业科学—农业基础科学]