高寒半干旱区低产农田培肥改造技术研究  

Study on the techniques of improving soil fertility in the cold semiarid highland

作　　者：谢建治[1] 刘玉柱[1] 刘树庆[1] 王殿武[1] 毛岳玲 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学,河北保定071001 [2]沧县环保局环境监测站,河北沧州061000

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2002年第3期31-34,43,共5页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家"九五"重点科技攻关项目 (96-0 4-0 0 4-0 3 );国家防沙治沙应急项目 (2 0 0 0 -0 0 3 )

摘　　要：以冀西北坝上高寒半干旱中低产旱地农田为对象 ,研究了该区域主要农作物——春小麦、莜麦、马铃薯的高产方法。结果表明 :有机无机培肥改造技术 ,客土培肥改造技术和聚垄集肥覆膜土壤改造技术 ,不仅能有效改善土壤物理性状 ,大大提高水分利用效率 (WUE) ,而且能显著提高作物产量。其中 ,有机无机肥配施使坡梁栗钙土莜麦增产 2 0 9.4 %～ 390 .3% ,旱滩草甸栗钙土春小麦增产 79%～ 98.5 % ;坡梁栗钙土客土 12 0～ 2 4 0 t/ hm2 培肥使莜麦增产 10 .8%～ 2 6 .6 % ,与施用有机肥 15～ 30 t/ hm2 效果相当 ;聚垄 +N1 2 0 P90 K6 0 +M2 2 50 0 +覆膜使马铃薯产量实现翻番 。The technique of high and stable yield of spring wheat, naked oats and potato in semiarid region with cold and high elevation in northwest Hebei was studied. The results showed that the technique of appllying organic fertilizer with inorganic one, moving soil and improving soil fertility, ridging and fertilization and plastic film covering could not only effectively improve soil physical properties and water use efficiency but also greatly increase crop yield. Naked oats and spring wheat yield was increased respectively by 209.4%～390.3% and 79%～98.5% by applying organic fertilizer with inorganic one. Naked oats yield was increased by 10.8%～26.6% by moving soil 120～240 t/hm 2 in sandy chestnut soil ,which equals to the effects of applying organic fertilizer 15～30 t/hm 2. Ridging +N 120 P 90 K 60 +M 22500 +plastic film covering doubled potato yield and also attained high economic benefits.

关 键 词：高寒半干旱区 有机无机培肥 客土培肥 聚垄集肥覆膜 低产田改造 

分 类 号：S156.93[农业科学—土壤学]