高性能聚氨酯密封材料的微相结构和热性能(Ⅱ)  

Micro-phase structure and thermal properties of high performance polyurethane elastomers for sealing materials(Ⅱ)

作　　者：赵雨花[1] 王军威[1] 亢茂青[1] 殷宁[1] 贾林才 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所,山西太原030001 [2]山西省化工研究院,山西太原030021

出　　处：《热固性树脂》2016年第4期42-45 53,共5页Thermosetting Resin

基　　金：山西省科技重大专项项目(20121101017)资助

摘　　要：采用聚碳酸酯二醇(PCDL)、聚四亚甲基醚二醇(PTMG)和4,4′-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯通过预聚体法和半预聚体法合成了一系列聚氨酯(PU)弹性体。采用示差热扫描量热,热失重和动态力学性能分析对PU弹性体的性能及多元醇结构和组成,合成方法对PU弹性体微相结构形态的影响进行了研究。结果表明,由预聚体法合成的弹性体的微相分离程度高于半预聚体法,二胺扩链的弹性体的硬段结晶性优于二醇扩链的弹性体,单一二醇合成弹性体的硬段的结晶性优于混合二醇合成的弹性体,几种弹性体的的硬段结晶性依次为PU-LF-950A>PU-PCDL≈PUPTMG>PU-PCDL+PTMG。几种弹性体的热稳定性依次为PU-PCDL>PU-PCDL+PTMG≈PU-PTMG>PU-LF-950A。PU-LF-950A和PU-PTMG的低温性能优于PU-PCDL和PU-PCDL+PTMG。PU-LF-950A还具有较好的高温动态性能和微相分离程度。A series of polyurethane(PU)elastomers based on 4,4′-diphenylmethylene diisocyanate(MDI)and polycarbonate diol(PCDL)and polytetramethylene diol(PTMG)were prepared by prepolymer and semi-prepolymer method,respectively. The properties of PU elastomers and the effects of polyol structure,composition and systhesis method on the micro-phase structure of PU elastomers were investigated by DSC,TGA and DMA. The results showed that the microphase separation degree of PU prepared by prepolymer method was higher than the those by semi-prepolymer method. The hard segment crystallinity of PU based on single polymer glyocol or diamine chain extender was superior to PU based on blended polymer glyocol or diol chain extender. The hard segment crystallinity order of several PUs was as follows:PU-LF-950 A >PU-PCDL ≈PU-PTMG >PU-PCDL +PTMG. The thermal stability order was as followes:PU-PCDL >PU-PCDL +PTMG ≈PU-PTMG >PU-LF-950 A. The PU-LF-950 A had better high-temperature dynanmic-mechanical properties and microphase separation degree.

关 键 词：聚氨酯弹性体 密封材料 预聚体法 微相结构 结晶性 热稳定性 动态力学性能 

分 类 号：TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]