全球化与拉丁美洲经济  

GLOBALIZATION AND LATIN AMERICAN ECONOMY

作　　者：江时学[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院拉美研究所

出　　处：《拉丁美洲研究》1997年第4期22-29,共8页Journal of Latin American Studies

摘　　要：全球化与拉丁美洲经济江时学马克思和恩格斯在《共产党宣言》中说：“资产阶级，由于开拓了世界市场，使一切国家的生产和消费都成为世界性的了。……新的工业的建立已经成为一切文明民族的生命攸关的问题；这些工业所加工的，已经不是本地的原料，而是来自极其遥远的地区...Globalization is a tendency in which the vertical international division of labor is increa singly replaced by the horizontal division;the flow of capital, goods, technology and information among the nations is all the more rapid;resource allocation goes beyond the scope of nation-states;interdependence among different nations is strengthened;and regional integration is develo ping swiftly.Globalization brings both challenges and opportunities to developing countries. No less important is the fact that distribution of cost-benefits from globalization is unequal among the rich and poor nations. In the 1990s Latin America seems to have taken a more active part in globalization in the following ways:(1)penetrating the process of internationalization by adjusting the industrial structures and promoting exports;(2)opening the market by reducing import barriers; (3) liberalizing foreign investment regime; and (4) reviving regional integration. But Latin America faces unfavorable challenges.In contrast with East Asia, Latin American share of technology-intensive exports in the world market is quite small.Furthermore, international competitiveness of many countries in the region is yet to be streng thened . In dealing with globalization, three issues are worthy of further examinations: (1) In an age of globalization, the de linking option of the dependency theory seems to be quite obsolete.(2) Foreign capital,whose swift flow around the globe is a reflection of deepening globalization ,has a dual impact on the host country's economy.(3)Developing countries should pay more attention to the relationship between utilizing foreign capital and opening market on the one hand and protecting national industries on the other.

关 键 词：全球化 拉丁美洲经济 世界经济 经济一体化 

分 类 号：F173[经济管理—世界经济]