塔里木盆地石油运移的孢粉学证据  

Palynological Evidence for Petroleum Migration in Tarim Basin

作　　者：江德昕[1] 王永栋[2] 魏江 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院兰州地质研究所,兰州730000 [2]中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所,南京210008 [3]美国弗吉尼亚州立诺福克大学,诺福克va23504

出　　处：《沉积学报》2002年第3期524-529,共6页Acta Sedimentologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目 (R850 879)资助

摘　　要：基于塔里木盆地塔北、库车、喀什和叶城四个含油气区 44个原油样品和 3个天然气样品中发现的化石孢子花粉 89属 183种的研究 ,在该盆地地质背景下探讨了石油运移的机理。研究内容包括石油运移的通道、相态、方向、路线和期次。研究结果表明 ,在油气源岩成岩过程中由异常高压形成的微裂隙是石油初次运移的通道 ;断层、不整合面、节理和其他裂隙是石油二次运移的通道 ;在运移过程中石油可保持其原有相态 ,液态与气态混合相是塔里木盆地石油运移过程中的主要相态 ;石油运移的方向因油藏类型而异 ,或以垂直运移为主 。One hundred and eighty-three species of fossil spores and pollen were identified,that are referred to 89 genera found in 44 crude oil samples and 3 natural gas samples collected from the North Tarim, Kuche, Kashi and Yecheng petroliferous regions of Tarim Basin. Based on the investigations of the fossil spores and pollen found in oil and gas, the mechanisms of petroleum migration were discussed according to the geological background of the basin. The contents of this study include the passages, phase states, directions, routes and periodic sequences of petroleum migration. Judging from the spores and pollen in petroleum, it may be concluded that microfissures formed by abnormal high pressure during the diagenesis of petroleum source rocks could provide passages for the primary migration of petroleum; faults, unconformity surfaces, joints and other fissures could be the passages of the secondary migration of petroleum; petroleum might keep in the original phase state in the course of migration, and liquid and gaseous mixed phase might be the main phase state in the course of petroleum migration in Tarim Basin; and the main direction of petroleum migration could be represented by either vertical migration or lateral migration for different reservoir types.

关 键 词：塔里木盆地 孢子花粉 石油运移 油藏 石炭系 三叠系 侏罗系 

分 类 号：P618.130.1[天文地球—矿床学] TE12[天文地球—地质学]