用化学方法改进稠油开采效果的技术  

A Technology of Chemically Improved Heavy Oil Recovery

作　　者：王世虎[1] 孙克己[1] 曹嫣镔[1] 麻金海[1] 郭省学[1] 吉树鹏[1] 吴柏志[2] 杜永[2] 邹群[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国石化胜利油田公司采油工艺研究院,山东东营257000 [2]中国石化胜利油田公司桩西采油厂,山东东营252737

出　　处：《油田化学》2002年第3期210-213,共4页Oilfield Chemistry

摘　　要：胜利桩西油田桩斜 139井 (生产井段 192 0 .0～ 1930 .0m)原油粘度高 ,6 5℃ (地层温度 )下 2 1Pa·s,5 0℃ (井口温度 )下 6 0Pa·s,采用蒸汽吞吐法开采 ,需电热杆加热才能实施井筒机械举升。新开发的乳化降粘剂SB 2为≥ 2 5 %的溶液 ,主剂为阴离子表面活性剂。在室内实验中 ,体积比 7∶3的原油与含SB 2 1.4× 10 4～ 3.0× 10 4mg/L ,矿化度 1.5× 10 4mg/L ,含Ca2 + +M2 + 1.0× 10 3 mg/L的水形成的乳状液 ,5 0℃粘度≤ 2 0 0mPa·s ,可稳定存在数周至数月 ;使用矿化度 <1.0× 10 4mg/L的油田污水 ,SB 2用量 2 .0× 10 4mg/L ,油水体积比 6 5∶35时乳化降粘效果最好 ,乳状液在 6 0℃可稳定存在 12～ 2 4h。通过油套环空将SB 2加入桩斜 139井泵下 ,产出液含水 36 %～4 0 % ,加入量为产液量的 1.1%时产出液井口粘度 15～ 2 5mPa·s,加入量为 0 .2 3%时井口粘度 70mPa·s ,抽油机上下行电流稳定 (6 8和 4 8A)。此后加热杆停止加热 ,将SB 2加量降止 0 .12 % 。The crude oil of slant well Zh S139 (section 1 920-1 930 m) of Zhuangxi, Shengli, is highly viscous (21 Pa·s at reservoir temperature 65℃ and 60 Pa·s at well head temperature 50℃) and in the recovery by cyclic steam injection the mechanical lift of the produced liquid is to be performed with the help of electrically heating rod. The newly developed emulsificator/viscosity reducer SB 2 is composed mainly of an anionic surfactant in ≥25% solution. In laboratory experiments the crude oil and 1.0×10 4- 3.0×10 4 mg/L SB 2 solution in water of TSD =1.5×10 4 mg/L and containing 1.0×10 3 mg/L Ca 2+ +Mg 2+ in volume ratio R v=70∶30 form emulsions with viscosity <200 mPa·s at 50℃, which keeps stable at 50℃ in several weeks or months; with the oilfield produced water of TSD <1.0×10 4 mg/L, SB 2 of 2.0×10 4 mg/L and R v=65∶35 the most significant viscosity reduction by emulsification of the crude is observed and the emulsion formed is stable in 12-24 hrs at 60℃. SB 2 is introduced into well Zh S 139 through the annulus to below the submerged pump and the viscosity of the produced liquid of water cut 36-40% at the well head is in range 15-25 mPa·s at SB 2 dosage 1.1% of the mass of produced liquid and is of 70 mPa·s at SB 2 dosage of 0.23% meanwhile the electric current of the lifting rod pump in up and down novements is stable (68 and 48 A, respectively). At present the well works well without the help of electrically heating rod at a lowered SB 2 dosage of 0.12%.

关 键 词：化学方法 改进 稠油开采 乳化剂 阴离子表面活性剂 乳化降粘 井筒降粘 蒸汽吞吐井 胜利桩西油田 

分 类 号：TE357.46[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]