提高聚丙烯酰胺微凝胶热稳定性的研究  

A Study on Improving the Thermal Stability of Polyacrylamide Microgel

作　　者：孔昭柯[1] 崔岚[1] 海玉芝[1] 王琦[1] 卢卓敏[2] 王社彬 谌凡更[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国石化河南石油勘探局石油勘探开发研究院,河南南阳473132 [2]中国科学院广州化学研究所纤维素化学开放研究实验室,广东广州510650

出　　处：《油田化学》2002年第3期360-364,271,共6页Oilfield Chemistry

摘　　要：研究了聚合物、交联剂、稳定剂、配液水质及温度对HPAM微凝胶热稳定性的影响 ,在实验中以凝胶在规定条件下维持表观粘度≥ 2 0 0mPa·s的时间作为稳定时间。研究结果如下。HPAM相对分子质量 -M <9× 10 6、质量浓度 <30 0mg/L时 ,在 70℃和 80℃下不能形成凝胶。 -M =1.7× 10 7、HD =2 1%的HPAM 35 30S与有机酸铬盐(丙酸铬、乳酸铬 )的凝胶化反应速率过高 ,与酚醛树脂形成的凝胶热稳定性不够。有机铬与酚醛树脂共用 ,总用量2 0 0mg/L时 ,这两种性能都得到改善。亚硫酸钠和硫脲作为热稳定剂的效果很好 ,而一种酚类稳定剂可使凝胶的稳定时间延长数倍。配制水的矿化度增大 (1.8× 10 4～ 2 .2× 10 4mg/L)使凝胶的热稳定性有所降低 ,而水硬度(Ca2 + +Mg2 + 质量浓度 )增大 (392～ 6 14mg/L)则使热稳定性大幅度降低。 70℃是凝胶形成和使用的最佳温度 ,6 0℃时凝胶形成太慢 ,80℃时凝胶形成和破坏均加快。原子力显微镜研究表明 ,HPAM/有机铬 (Ⅲ )微凝胶的形成是一个分形生长过程 。The effects of polymer, crosslinker, stabilizer, water quality for gelling solution preparation, and temperature on the thermal stability ( TS ) of HPAM microgels are studied with stabilization time, t st , as criterion in which the experimental gel keeps apparent viscosity ≥200 mPa·s under specified conditions. Following results are obtained. With HPAM of AM-U2 <9.0×10 6 and mass concentration <300 mg/L any microgel can not be formed at 70℃ and 80℃. HPAM 3530S of AM-U2 <9.0×10 7 and HD =21% reacts and gelates fast with organic Cr(Ⅲ) salts (propionate and lactate), the gels formed from 3530S and a phenolic precondensate are not thermally stable enough and both the two properties ( TS and gelation time) are improved with the two crosslinker in combination at total dosage 200 mg/L. As thermal slabilizer sodium sulfite and thiourea are effective and a phenolic compound increases t st several times. The TS is decreased in some extent with increasing TSD of water used (1.8×10 4-2.2～10 4 mg/L) and significantly with increasing water hardness (Ca 2+ +Mg 2+ mass concentration 392-614 mg/L). Microgels are formed properly and behave well at 70℃ and are formed slowly at 60℃, microgel formation and destruction are accelerated at 80℃. Atomic force microscopic studies show that the creation of HPAM/organic Cr(Ⅲ) microgles is a process of fractal growth which is less notably observed for HPAM/phenolic precondensate microgels.

关 键 词：聚丙烯酰胺微凝胶 热稳定性 研究 油田用化学剂 水基微凝胶 聚丙烯酰胺 有机铬 酚醛树脂 稳定剂 配方 研究 调驱剂 

分 类 号：TE357.46[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程] TE39