聚合物致密膜中球粒状结构的形成机制  

Formation mechanism of nodular structure in polymeric denser membranes

作　　者：曾一鸣[1] 王志刚[1] 万立骏[1] 施艳荞[1] 陈观文[1] 白春礼[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院化学研究所,北京100080

出　　处：《膜科学与技术》2002年第4期1-6,49,共7页Membrane Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点资助项目 (5 983312 0 )

摘　　要：建立在热力学相图的理论分析及原子力显微镜 (AFM )的实验观察之上 ,研究了聚合物分离膜中球粒状结构 (nodularstructure)的形成机制 ,阐明了 :(1)球粒状结构的凝聚态性质属于玻璃态 ;在橡胶态 ,球粒状结构消失 ;(2 )影响球粒状结构形成的热力学因素是成膜温度 ,随着成膜温度的降低 ,有更多的高分子链段形成球粒状结构 ;(3)溶剂脱离成膜体系的速率是影响球粒状结构形成的主要动力学因素 ,对于致密膜 ,溶剂脱离体系速率越快 ,球粒的直径越小 .Based on the thermodynamic analysis and AFM (atomic force microscopy) experiment, the formation mechanism of the nodular structures in polymeric dense membranes was investigated. It is illuminated that (1) the exact nature of the nodular structure is thermodynamic equilibrium glassy state; the nodular structure will disappear in the rubbery state; (2) the thermodynamic factor affecting the nodule formation is the membrane formation temperature; with decrease of membrane formation temperature, more chain segments are able to form nodular structures; (3) evaporation rate of solvent is the major kinetic factor affecting the nodule formation; for the formation of dense membranes, with the increase of evaporation rate, average diameters of the nodules tend to decrease.

关 键 词：聚合物致密膜 球粒状结构 形成机制 热力学 原子力显微镜 AFM 高分子分离膜 

分 类 号：TQ317[化学工程—高聚物工业]