中国南极长城站1998年大气降水化学特征的初步研究  

THE PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS ON THE PRECIPITATION CHEMISTRY AT THE CHINA GREAT WALL STATION,ANTARCTIC IN 1998

作　　者：于晓岚[1] 汤洁[1] 师昱锋[1] 程红兵[1] 王国贵[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象科学研究院,北京100081 [2]黑龙江省气象局,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《气象学报》2002年第4期494-501,共8页Acta Meteorologica Sinica

基　　金：中国气象局"九五"青年气象科学基金。

摘　　要：文中报告了 1998年 1～ 12月 ,在中国南极长城站 (6 2°13′S ,5 8°5 8′W ,海拔 10 .0m)采集的 115个有效降水样品的 pH值、电导率和化学组分分析结果。长城站地区降水的年平均 pH值为 5 .6 2 ,电导率年平均值为 85 .16 μS/cm。秋季期间降水的 pH值和电导率较高 ,其它季节较低。降水中最主要的离子为Cl-,Na+ ,其他离子按平均浓度值依次排列为SO42 -,Mg2 + ,Ca2 + ,K+ ,NO3 -,NH4+ 。除NO3 -,NH4+ 外 ,各主要离子浓度间呈显著正相关 ,表明其来源具有同一性。降水样品的离子组成比例与周围海区的海水接近 ,显示了海盐是降水中可溶性离子的主要来源 ,而其它源只对Ca2 + 有一定贡献。This paper reports the analysis results (including pH, conductivity and ion concentrations) of the precipitation samples collected at the Great Wall Station of Antarctic(62°13′S, 58°58′W, ASL 10.0 m) in 1998. The average pH value and conductivity are 5.62 and 85.16 μS/cm,respectively. The pH value and conductivity of precipitation were higher during autumn, but lower during other seasons. The major ions in the precipitation are Cl - and Na+,followed by SO 4 2- ,M g 2+ ,Ca 2+ ,K +,NO 3 -,NH 4 + with the lower concentrations in order. The positive correlation significantly existing between the major ions except NO 3 - and NH 4 + indicated that those major ions might come from the same sources. The fact that the proportions of ions in precipitation are extremely close to that of seawater of Antarctic Ocean may show that sea-salt originated aerosol is the dominant source of dissolved ions in precipitation. However,there is yet other sources which may contribute to Ca 2+ ion in the precipitation. The precipitation at the area is characterized by marine type chemically.

关 键 词：中国 南极 长城站 1998年 大气降水 降水化学 PH值 电导率 

分 类 号：P426.62[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]