病毒蛋白与宿主相互作用及其对细胞放射敏感性的影响  

The Interaction of Viral Proteins with Host and Its Effects on Cellular Responses to Ionizing Radiation

作　　者：周平坤[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京放射医学研究所,北京100850

出　　处：《辐射防护通讯》2009年第2期1-11,共11页Radiation Protection Bulletin

基　　金：国家973项目(No.2007CB914603);国际原子能机构协作项目(No.12510/R1);国家杰出青年基金(No.30825011)

摘　　要：为了解病毒感染对电离辐射生物效应的可能影响和作用机理,本文着重评述了病毒编码蛋白与宿主细胞蛋白的相互作用,特别是干扰宿主DNA损伤修复、影响辐射致细胞凋亡、干扰DNA损伤后的细胞周期检查点,以及其对哺乳动物细胞的放射敏感性的影响。病毒蛋白与宿主细胞的相互作用,不仅在病毒感染及相应致病作用中扮演着重要角色,而且也影响到被感染组织对辐射或某些化学物质的反应。业已证实,一系列的病毒蛋白与宿主蛋白发生作用,这种作用与包括DNA修复、凋亡、细胞周期检查点在内的DNA双链断裂的细胞反应有关,造成宿主蛋白的细胞定位改变、降解、失活或激活等;另外一些蛋白直接或间接调节多种宿主基因的转录水平,或诱发辐射损伤反应相关蛋白的转录后修饰的变化,使得这些基因产物上调或下调、活性改变。病毒蛋白与宿主的相互作用,在一定程度上改变了细胞的放射敏感性。充分、准确地了解病毒感染的辐射生物学意义,将促进我们关于人体对辐射健康效应的个体敏感性的理解和对未来辐射防护思路的拓展。In order to understand the potential modification and mechanisms of virus infectious on the health effects of ionizing radiation,the interaction of virus encoded proteins with host cells proteins is highlighted in connection with the effect of viral proteins on DNA damage signaling and its impact on the sensitivity of mammalian cells to ionizing radiation.The interaction of virus encoded proteins with host cells not only plays an important role in viral infection and the consequential pathogenesis,but may also have an influence on the response of infected tissues to radiation or some chemicals.A series of viral proteins have already been demonstrated to interact with host proteins that are associated with cellular responses to DNA double strand breaks,including DNA repair,apoptosis and cell cycle checkpoints,and this interaction results in mis localization,degradation,inactivation or activation of these host proteins.Some others directly or indirectly regulate the transcriptional level of a number of host genes or post transcriptional modification of host proteins responding to ionizing radiation,which leads to accumulation or downregulation of these gene products.These interactions between viral proteins and the hosts contribute to some extent to altered cellular radiosensitivity.Fully and accurately understanding the biological significance of viral infection to radiation will expand our knowledge on the individual susceptibility of human body to radiation health effects.

关 键 词：放射敏感性 DNA DSB修复 细胞周期检查点 凋亡 病毒蛋白 DNA损伤信号传递 

分 类 号：R811.5[医药卫生—放射医学]